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Integrative approaches to health and healing represent a paradigm shift from expectations of cure to caring and individual choice. This shift, in part, corresponds to an aging population with increasing chronic conditions and pain, conditions that require managing rather than curing. The values and approaches of integrative health, social work, and palliative care overlap and complement each other in a variety of ways. All are holistic, person and family centered, and strength based. In addition, both social work and integrative modalities are inclusive of a multicultural approach. This chapter will present an overview of this synergy; review integrative therapies as a whole; and describe examples of specific modalities and their applications to social work and palliative care.
Integrative approaches to health and healing represent a paradigm shift from expectations of cure to caring and individual choice. This shift, in part, corresponds to an aging population with increasing chronic conditions and pain, conditions that require managing rather than curing. The values and approaches of integrative health, social work, and palliative care overlap and complement each other in a variety of ways. All are holistic, person and family centered, and strength based. In addition, both social work and integrative modalities are inclusive of a multicultural approach. This chapter will present an overview of this synergy; review integrative therapies as a whole; and describe examples of specific modalities and their applications to social work and palliative care.
Self-transcendence is thought to increase well-being and is implicitly promoted in contextual cognitive behavioral therapies (CCBTs). This study conceptualizes, develops, and validates the first comprehensive CCBT-informed self-transcendence questionnaire. Using a CCBT-informed theory, we propose four self-transcendence facets: distancing oneself from mental content, distinguishing an observer of mental experience that is separate from the content of experience, experiencing innate connectedness with other beings, and noticing the constantly changing nature of experience. We measured these facets with items from existing relevant questionnaires and novel, expert-informed items. Exploratory factor analyses and bifactor exploratory structural equation models supported the first three of these facets. Those factors evidenced convergent validity with decentering, defusion, experiential avoidance, and mindfulness, and criterion and incremental validity in predicting psychological well-being. Our findings support a CCBT-informed model of self-transcendence, introduce the first instrument to comprehensively measure the self-transcendence facets we identified, indicate links with well-being, and suggest future intervention targets.
Background Despite the need to incorporate seniors from various settings into mindfulness-based empirical research, issues of geriatric frailties and non-compliance remain. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of a mindfulness-based elder care (MBEC) program on mental health and spiritual well-being among seniors with disabilities in long-term care residential settings. Methods This single-blind, randomized controlled trial (RCT) randomly assigned seventy-seven participants into an MBEC group or control group of an eight-week MBEC program. Participants were assessed every four weeks at baseline (T0), mid-intervention (T1), post-intervention (T2) and follow-up (T3) using the Geriatric Depression Scale Short Form (GDS-SF), the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) and the Spiritual Well-Being Scale (SWBS), respectively. Results Linear mixed model (LMM) showed that MBEC participants’ mental health improved significantly after completing the intervention; compared with controls, the MBEC group exhibited significantly lower anxiety (state-anxiety at T2; trait-anxiety at T2 and T3) and fewer depressive symptoms. Spiritual well-being was also significantly enhanced compared to that in the control group. Conclusions MBEC has positive effects on both mental health and spiritual well-being outcomes among seniors with disabilities. In long-term care facilities, seniors with abilities have the potential to adhere to and engage in activities of a mindfulness-based intervention. This low risk, easily accessible, and effective 8-week program is recommended to be integrated into regular long-term care institutional routines. Trial registration This study was registered with Clinical Trial Registry (ClinicalTrials.gov – U.S. National Library of Medicine #NCT05123261. Retrospectively registered on 07/04/2021.). The CONSORT 2010 guidelines were used in this study for properly reporting how the randomized trial was conducted.
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