<i>AINTEGUMENTA</i> homolog expression in <i>Gnetum</i> (gymnosperms) and implications for the evolution of ovulate axes in seed plants

Yamada, Toshihiro; Hirayama, Yumiko; Imaichi, Ryoko; Kato, Masahiro

doi:10.1111/j.1525-142x.2008.00237.x

Cited by 20 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…3A). As observed by Floyd and Bowman (2007) and Yamada et al (2008) we additionally resolved within the eu-ANT lineage a clade including Arabidopsis ANT (the putative clade of ANT orthologs corresponding to the ''A'' clade of Floyd and Bowman, 2007 and the ''ANT (sensu stricto)'' clade of Yamada et al, 2008) and a clade of proteins most closely related to Arabidopsis BABY BOOM (BBM, the ''B'' clade of Floyd and Bowman (2007) and the ''BBM/PLT'' clade of Yamada et al (2008)) with significant bootstrap support (Fig. 3A).…”

Section: Ant and Bel1 Ortholog Identificationsupporting

confidence: 71%

Expression of ovule and integument‐associated genes in reduced ovules of Santalales

Brown

Nickrent

Gasser

2010

Evolution and Development

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Santalales comprise mainly parasitic plants including mistletoes and sandalwoods. Bitegmic ovules similar to those found in most other angiosperms are seen in many members of the order, but other members exhibit evolutionary reductions to the unitegmic and ategmic conditions. In some mistletoes, extreme reduction has resulted in the absence of emergent ovules such that embryo sacs appear to remain embedded in placental tissues. Three santalalean representatives (Comandra, Santalum, and Phoradendron), displaying unitegmic, and ategmic ovules, were studied. Observed ovule morphologies were consistent with published reports, including Phoradendron serotinum, which we interpret as having reduced ategmic ovules, consistent with earlier reports on this species. For further understanding of the nature of the ovule reductions we isolated orthologs of the Arabidopsis genes AINTEGUMENTA (ANT) and BELL1 (BEL1), which are associated with ovule development in this species. We observed ovular expression of ANT and BEL1 in patterns largely resembling those seen in the integumented ovules of Arabidopsis. These genes were found to be expressed in the integument of unitegmic ovules and in the surface layers of ategmic ovules, and in some cases, expression of BEL1 was also observed in the surrounding carpel tissue. We hypothesize that ategmic ovules derive from a fusion of the integuments with the nucellus or that the nucellus has taken on some of the characteristics confined to integuments in ancestral species.

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Section: Ant and Bel1 Ortholog Identificationsupporting

confidence: 71%

Expression of ovule and integument‐associated genes in reduced ovules of Santalales

Brown

Nickrent

Gasser

2010

Evolution and Development

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“…This suggests that CrANT has an important role in sexual reproduction and that AthBBM might have evolved from an ancestral AIL gene such as CrANT . A single euANT gene has been reported for both Gnetum parvifolium and Pinus taeda (gymnosperms) and their expression pattern in young primordia indicate that they might have an important role in lateral organ size control as well as in the development of the ovule (Shigyo and Ito, 2004; Yamada et al, 2008), very similar to what has been reported for AthANT (Klucher et al, 1996; Mizukami and Fischer, 2000).…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 72%

“…Meanwhile, because of the position of the single M. caldariorum and K. nitens sequences and the presence of the euANT1 motif in the first AP2 domain in these genes, we decided to name these two sequences as preANT (Figure 1, marked with purple). Within the land plant ANT clade two highly supported clades are recovered; the basalANT (98%) (Figure 1, cyan bar) and euANT (71%) (Figure 1, orange bar) clades that were reported in previous phylogenies of ANT genes (Kim et al, 2006; Floyd and Bowman, 2007; Yamada et al, 2008).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 60%

A Phylogenetic Study of the ANT Family Points to a preANT Gene as the Ancestor of Basal and euANT Transcription Factors in Land Plants

Dipp-Álvarez

Cruz‐Ramírez

2019

Front. Plant Sci.

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Comparative genomics has revealed that members of early divergent lineages of land plants share a set of highly conserved transcription factors (TFs) with flowering plants. While gene copy numbers have expanded through time, it has been predicted that diversification, co-option, and reassembly of gene regulatory networks implicated in development are directly related to morphological innovations that led to more complex land plant bodies. Examples of key networks have been deeply studied in Arabidopsis thaliana, such as those involving the AINTEGUMENTA (ANT) gene family that encodes AP2-type TFs. These TFs play significant roles in plant development such as the maintenance of stem cell niches, the correct development of the embryo and the formation of lateral organs, as well as fatty acid metabolism. Previously, it has been hypothesized that the common ancestor of mosses and vascular plants encoded two ANT genes that later diversified in seed plants. However, algae and bryophyte sequences have been underrepresented from such phylogenetic analyses. To understand the evolution of ANT in a complete manner, we performed phylogenetic analyses of ANT protein sequences of representative species from across the Streptophyta clade, including algae, liverworts, and hornworts, previously unrepresented. Moreover, protein domain architecture, selection analyses, and regulatory cis elements prediction, allowed us to propose a scenario of how the evolution of ANT genes occurred. In this study we show that a duplication of a preANT-like gene in the ancestor of embryophytes may have given rise to the land plant-exclusive basalANT and euANT lineages. We hypothesize that the absence of euANT-type and basalANT-type sequences in algae, and its presence in extant land plant species, suggests that the divergence of pre-ANT into basal and eu-ANT clades in embryophytes may have influenced the conquest of land by plants, as ANT TFs play important roles in tolerance to desiccation and the establishment, maintenance, and development of complex multicellular structures which either became more complex or appeared in land plants.

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“…, 2003), it remains to be determined whether expression patterns of other polarity genes are similarly conserved in flowering plants. Likewise, few data exist about the distribution and expression of polarity genes outside of angiosperms, although ANT has been detected in gymnosperm integuments (Shigyo & Ito, 2004; Yamada et al. , 2008).…”

Section: Implications For Understanding Patterns Of Seed Plant Ementioning

confidence: 99%

The evolution of reproductive structures in seed plants: a re‐examination based on insights from developmental genetics

Mathews

Kramer

2012

New Phytologist

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SummaryThe study of developmental genetics is providing insights into how plant morphology can and does evolve, and into the fundamental nature of specific organs. This new understanding has the potential to revise significantly the way we think about seed plant evolution, especially with regard to reproductive structures. Here, we have sought to take a step in bridging the divide between genetic data and critical fields such as paleobotany and systematics. We discuss the evidence for several evolutionarily important interpretations, including the possibility that ovules represent meristematic axes with their own type of lateral determinate organs (integuments) and a model that considers carpels as analogs of complex leaves. In addition, we highlight the aspects of reproductive development that are likely to be highly labile and homoplastic, factors that have major implications for the understanding of seed plant relationships. Although these hypotheses may suggest that some long-standing interpretations are misleading, they also open up whole new avenues for comparative study and suggest concrete best practices for evolutionary analyses of development.

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AINTEGUMENTA homolog expression in Gnetum (gymnosperms) and implications for the evolution of ovulate axes in seed plants

Cited by 20 publications

References 51 publications

Expression of ovule and integument‐associated genes in reduced ovules of Santalales

Expression of ovule and integument‐associated genes in reduced ovules of Santalales

A Phylogenetic Study of the ANT Family Points to a preANT Gene as the Ancestor of Basal and euANT Transcription Factors in Land Plants

The evolution of reproductive structures in seed plants: a re‐examination based on insights from developmental genetics

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