<i>Acremonium boreale</i> n.sp., a sclerotial, low-temperature-tolerant, snow mold antagonist

Smith, Joshua D.; Davidson, J. G. N.

doi:10.1139/b79-265

Cited by 19 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…Recently, alternative methods for disease reduction have been studied. Fall application of compost reduced snow mould severity in turf grasses in the field (Boulter et al., 2002a), and bacterial and fungal suppression of M. nivale growth and infection have been reported (Smith and Davidson, 1979; Hökeberg et al., 1997; Chamberlain and Crawford, 1999; Liu et al., 2001; Boulter et al., 2002b; Diamond and Cooke, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Chitosan and Bion on Resistance to Pink Snow Mould in Perennial Ryegrass and Winter Wheat

Hofgaard¹,

Ergon²,

Wanner³

et al. 2005

Journal of Phytopathology

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The effects of chitosan on resistance to pink snow mould (Microdochium nivale) were studied in young winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) under controlled environmental conditions. In perennial ryegrass, the putative defence activator Bion was also tested. Resistance was measured as regrowth of plants after inoculation with M. nivale and incubation in darkness at 2°C. In winter wheat, pre-treatment with chitosan at 1000 lg per plant increased resistance to subsequent infection by M. nivale, but this effect was less significant in a replicate experiment. Chitosan-treated winter wheat plants expressed the gene for the pathogenesis-related protein chitinase at higher levels than non-treated plants. Chitinase gene expression was also stimulated by M. nivale infection in winter wheat. Perennial ryegrass pretreated with Bion or chitosan and inoculated with M. nivale did not display better regrowth after incubation than non-treated, inoculated plants. Rather, regrowth was reduced in some of the Bion-treated plants after incubation. We speculate that the cost or the mechanism of induced resistance makes Bion noneffective in plants that are not actively growing. Bion at concentrations of 10, 100 and 1000 lg active ingredient per ml, and the highest concentration of chitosan used (2000 lg per ml) reduced in vitro growth of the pathogen, suggesting that both defence activators possess antifungal activity.www.blackwell-synergy.com

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Chitosan and Bion on Resistance to Pink Snow Mould in Perennial Ryegrass and Winter Wheat

Hofgaard¹,

Ergon²,

Wanner³

et al. 2005

Journal of Phytopathology

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“…Isolates of' Acremonium boréale Smith & Davidson suppressed growth in vitro of several low temperature pathogens, including Typhula spp., at temperatures as low as -3°C (Smith & Davidson 1979). The apparent antibiotic effect of A. boréale on other fungi may provide a competitive advantage during colonization of substrates.…”

Section: Biological Control Of Typhula Blightmentioning

confidence: 98%

Interactions among low-temperature-tolerant fungi: Prelude to biological control

Burpee

1994

Canadian Journal of Plant Pathology

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“…Application of compost (Boulter et al, 2002) as well as treatments with bacteria (Johansson et al, 2003) or fungi (e.g. Smith & Davidson, 1979) have been tested in vitro or under greenhouse and field conditions. Some of the bacterial isolates applied as seed treatments showed disease-suppressing effects that were not significantly different from treatments with a synthetic fungicide (Johansson et al, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Control of Microdochium majus in winter wheat with botanicals – from laboratory to the field

et al. 2013

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The fungal pathogen Microdochium majus, causing snow mould, seedling blight and foot rot, results in severe yield losses in small grain cereals. There are few options to control this pathogen in organic production. In this study, aqueous extracts or botanical powders prepared from chamomile, meadowsweet, thyme and Chinese galls were tested in vitro against M. majus conidia germination and mycelial growth, respectively. Subsequently, three botanicals were chosen, applied as powders with different seed coating adhesives, and tested for their effect on the incidence of M. majus from naturally infected wheat seed lots and on seedling emergence from soil under controlled environmental conditions. Furthermore, seed treatments with warm water, a bacterial product or one chosen botanical were tested in a growth chamber and in a field experiment over three consecutive years. Of the botanicals tested, Chinese galls showed the highest efficacy in controlling M. majus, reducing conidia germination and mycelial growth by up to 97 and 100%, respectively, and reducing the incidence from infested seeds by up to 59%. In two growth chamber experiments, total seedling emergence increased by up to 30 and 59% compared with the control treatments following an application with Chinese galls. Under field conditions, yield increase through Chinese galls, the bacterial product and the warm water treatment was 19, 10 and 37% compared with the untreated control, respectively. This study demonstrates the potential of Chinese galls to control M. majus in wheat. Options for improved formulations or combinations of heatbased treatments with Chinese galls are discussed.

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Acremonium boreale n.sp., a sclerotial, low-temperature-tolerant, snow mold antagonist

Cited by 19 publications

References 0 publications

The Effect of Chitosan and Bion on Resistance to Pink Snow Mould in Perennial Ryegrass and Winter Wheat

The Effect of Chitosan and Bion on Resistance to Pink Snow Mould in Perennial Ryegrass and Winter Wheat

Interactions among low-temperature-tolerant fungi: Prelude to biological control

Control of Microdochium majus in winter wheat with botanicals – from laboratory to the field

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