<i>ACE</i> insertion/deletion genetic polymorphism, serum <i>ACE</i> levels and high dietary salt intake influence the risk of obesity development among the Saudi adult population

Sabir, Jamal S. M.; Omri, Abdelfatteh El; Khan, Imran Ali; Banaganapalli, Babajan; Hajrah, Nahid H.; Zrelli, Houda; Omar, Abdulkader M. Shaikh; Alharbi, Mona G.; Alhebshi, Alawiah M.; Jansen, Robert K.; Shaik, Noor Ahmad; Khan, Muhummadh

doi:10.1177/1470320319870945

Cited by 17 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 37 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Occurrence of ACE2 rs1514283 T/C, rs4646155 C/T, rs4646176 C/G, rs879922 G/C, rs2074192 C/T, rs2106809 C/T, rs4240157 C/T, rs4646155 C/T, rs4646188 C/T, rs4830542 C/T, rs879922 C/G polymorphisms were reported in healthy population of China [ 60 ]. Incidence of ACE2 rs2106809 I/D polymorphism was reported in healthy individuals of India and Saudi Arabia [ 61 , 62 ]. Genotype frequency of ACE2 rs1800764-3903C/T, rs4459609-5486A/C, rs4459609-3678Ins/Del, and rs274601-638A/G polymorphisms were reported in general population of Poland [ 63 ] ( Table −1 ).…”

Section: Ace2 Polymorphism In General Populationmentioning

confidence: 99%

ACE2 and TMPRSS2 polymorphisms in various diseases with special reference to its impact on COVID-19 disease

Singh

Choudhari

Nema

et al. 2021

Microbial Pathogenesis

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background A carboxypeptidase protein called ACE2 is found in many organs. ACE2 protein can play a pivotal role to regulate the pathological changes of several diseases including COVID-19. TMPRSS2 gene is expressed in many human tissues and plays a critical role in spreading the infection of the viruses including coronavirus and progression of prostate cancer, and hence could be used as a potential drug target. There are limited reports on occurrence of genetic polymorphism of ACE2 and TMPRSS2 in general population, expressions in pathological conditions, and its impact on COVID-19 disease. Hence we comprehended the occurrence of ACE2, TMPRSS2 polymorphism in general population, expression in various diseases and its impact on COVID-19 disease. Method We utilized multiple databases, PubMed (Medline), EMBASE and Google Scholar for literature search. Description ACE2 polymorphisms have significant linkages with various diseases, including severity of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Genetic variations of these genes contribute to individual's genetic susceptibility to viral infection and its subsequent clearance. The diversity and variations in the population distribution of these genes, might greatly influence and in turn reflect into the observed population and gender differences of the severity and clinical outcomes of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Conclusion There are diversities in distribution of ACE2 and TMPRSS2 polymorphisms among different populations. Analyzing the genetic variants and expression of ACE2 and TMPRSS2 genes, in a population may provide the genetic marker for susceptibility or resistance against the coronavirus infection, which might be useful for identifying the susceptible population groups for targeted interventions and for making relevant public health policy decisions.

show abstract

Section: Ace2 Polymorphism In General Populationmentioning

confidence: 99%

ACE2 and TMPRSS2 polymorphisms in various diseases with special reference to its impact on COVID-19 disease

Singh

Choudhari

Nema

et al. 2021

Microbial Pathogenesis

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The ACE2 polymorphism has been associated with varying degree of disease severity and clinical outcomes of COVID-19, with absence of ACE D/D genotype conferring protection against severe lung injury [33]. The African Americans with high frequency of D allele have depicted higher mortality rates in USA [34,35]. Similarly, higher fatalities have been reported from many parts of Europe (https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php/Main_Page, accessed on 12 October 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strong Association of Angiotensin Converting Enzyme-2 Gene Insertion/Deletion Polymorphism with Susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2, Hypertension, Coronary Artery Disease and COVID-19 Disease Mortality

Mir

Alghamdi

et al. 2021

JPM

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: The ongoing outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 represents a significant challenge to international health. Several reports have highlighted the importance of ACE2 on the pathogenesis of COVID-19. The spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 efficiently binds to the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptors and facilitates virus entry into the host cell. In the present study, we hypothesize that a functional insertion/deletion polymorphism-rs4646994 I/D and rs4240157 T > C in the ACE gene could be associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection and mortality. Methodology: This study included 117 consecutive COVID-19 patients and 150 age matched healthy controls (ACE2-rs4646994 I/D) and 100 age matched healthy controls with ACE2 rs4240157 T > C. We used Mutation specific PCR (MSP) for ACE2-rs4646994 I/D genotyping and amplification refractory mutation system (ARMS-PCR) for ACE2 rs4240157 T > C genotyping. Results: Results indicated that there were significant differences in the genotype distributions of ACE2-rs4646994 I/D polymorphisms (p < 0.030) and ACE2 rs4240157 T > C between COVID-19 patients and controls (p-values < 0.05). Higher frequency of DD genotype (48.71%) and D allele (0.67) was reported in COVID-19 patients than controls. Our results showed that the ACE2-DD genotype was strongly associated with increased COVID-19 severity (OR 2.37 (95%) CI = (1.19–4.70), RR = 1.39 (1.09–1.77), p < 0.013) and also a strong association was seen with ACE2-ID genotype with COVID-19 severity (OR 2.20 (95%) CI = (1.08–4.46), p < 0.020) in the codominant model. In allelic comparison, the D allele was strongly associated with COVID-19 severity (OR 1.58 (95% CI) (1.11–2.27), RR 1.21 (1.05–1.41) p < 0.010). A significant correlation of ACE2-I/D genotypes was reported with Age (p < 0.035), T2D (p < 0.0013), hypertension (p < 0.0031) and coronary artery disease (p < 0.0001). Our results indicated ACE2-DD genotype was strongly associated with increased COVID-19 mortality (OR 8.25 (95%) CI = (2.40 to 28.34), p < 0.008) and also ACE2-DD + DI genotype was strongly associated with increased COVID-19 mortality with OR 4.74 (95%) CI = (1.5214 to 14.7915), p < 0.007. A significant correlation was reported between COVID-19 patients and age matched controls (p < 0.0007). Higher frequency of heterozygosity TC (40%) followed by ACE2-CC genotype (24.78%) was reported among COVID-19 patients. Using multivariate analysis, ACE2–CT genotype was strong associated with SARS-CoV-2 severity with an OR 2.18 (95% CI) (1.92–3.99), p < 0.010 and also ACE2–CC genotype was linked with COVID-19 severity with an OR 2.66 (95% CI) (1.53–4.62), p < 0.005. A significant correlation of ACE2-T > C genotypes was reported with gender (p < 0.04), T2D (p < 0.035). ACE2-CC genotype was strongly associated with increased COVID-19 mortality OR 3.66 (95%) CI = (1.34 to 9.97), p < 0.011 and also ACE2-C allele was associated with COVID-19 mortality OR 2, 01 (1.1761–3.45), p < 0.010. Conclusions: It is concluded that ACE-DD genotype and D allele was strongly associated with increased COVID-19 patient severity. In addition, ACE I/D polymorphism were strongly associated with advanced age, diabetes and ischemic heart disease in COVID-19 patients whereas ACE-II genotype was a protective factor against the development of severe COVID-19. ACE2-DD genotype was strongly associated with increased COVID-19 mortality. Additionally, ACE2–CC and CT genotypes were strongly associated with COVID-19 severity. Therefore, our study might be useful for identifying the susceptible population groups for targeted interventions and for making relevant public health policy decisions.

show abstract

“…On the other hand, endurance sports are characterized by a relatively low-moderate intensity and longduration events, where oxidative metabolism is the predominant source for ATP resynthesis during exercise (Petro & Bonilla, 2015). The insertion of the 287 base-pair Alu sequence in the ACE gene has been associated to slow-twitch type I muscle fibres (Papadimitriou et al, 2016), and is reported to account for the ≈47% of fluctuations in the protein activity in plasma (Sabir et al, 2019;Woods et al, 2001). The insertion of this sequence has been related to less vasoconstriction due to a decrease in the ACE serum levels and activity and, therefore, higher oxygen availability and nutrients delivery for muscle fibres in contraction (Gunel et al, 2014).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of ACTN3 R577X and ACE I/D polymorphisms in young Colombian athletes: An exploratory research

Ortiz¹,

Ayala²,

Petro³

et al. 2020

jhse

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

There are genetic sequences that might be associated with improved athletic performance, such as the α-actinin-3 (ACTN3) R577X polymorphism and the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) insertion/deletion (I/D), which are related to phenotypes of increased muscle strength and endurance, respectively. This STREGA-based crosssectional study compared the genotype and allele frequencies of the ACTN3 R577X and ACE I/D polymorphisms between Colombian athletes (n = 37) and non-athletic controls (n = 37). Genotyping was performed using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and subsequent enzymatic restriction (RFLP). The distribution of the ACTN3 R577X genotype of control and athletic groups met Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium (HWE) (all p > .05); however, in the strength-trained athletes, the distribution of the ACE I/D genotype was not found in HWE. In athletic population, genotype distribution and allele frequencies of the ACTN3 R577X (n = 37) was RR: 35.1% (n = 13), RX: 54.1% (n = 20), XX: 10.8% (n = 4), and R: 0.6216 and X: 0.3784, respectively. For ACE I/D (n = 74) it was found a genotype distribution of DD: 35.1% (n = 13), ID: 24.3% (n = 9), II: 40.5% (n = 15), and allelic frequencies of D: 62.16% and I: 37.84%. Statistical analysis showed an association between the ACE genotypes with strength, endurance and control groups (X 2 = 15.3, gl = 4, p = .004); however, the ACTN3 R577X polymorphism did not have a significant association (X 2 = 3.99, gl = 4, p = .408). Although studies with a more homogeneous and larger sample size are required, the results of this exploratory study contribute to the genotypic characterization of Colombian athletes with the objective of improving the methodologies and its applications to sports medicine.

show abstract

ACE insertion/deletion genetic polymorphism, serum ACE levels and high dietary salt intake influence the risk of obesity development among the Saudi adult population

Cited by 17 publications

References 37 publications

ACE2 and TMPRSS2 polymorphisms in various diseases with special reference to its impact on COVID-19 disease

ACE2 and TMPRSS2 polymorphisms in various diseases with special reference to its impact on COVID-19 disease

Strong Association of Angiotensin Converting Enzyme-2 Gene Insertion/Deletion Polymorphism with Susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2, Hypertension, Coronary Artery Disease and COVID-19 Disease Mortality

Evaluation of ACTN3 R577X and ACE I/D polymorphisms in young Colombian athletes: An exploratory research

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About