<i>Acanthamoeba</i>Migration in an Electric Field

Rudell, Jolene C.; Gao, Jing; Sun, Yuxin; Sun, Yaohui; Chodosh, James; Schwab, Ivan R.; Zhao, Min

doi:10.1167/iovs.13-11968

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Quantitatively, we can use this information to understand how Acanthamoeba movement specifically relates to the potential for movement on or around contact lens cases or in used contact lens care products. Previous studies indicate that Acanthamoeba trophozoites in a control environment travel at a speed of approximately 12.1 µm/min (0.20 µm/s) [13], which is highly similar to the results we demonstrate here. In 12 h, at this rate of speed, an Acanthamoeba trophozoite can traverse approximately 40% of a contact lens, which is 22 to 25 mm across.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…However, very little is currently known about real-time Acanthamoeba behavior and how that behavior may translate to contact lens systems. Thus, in this study, we expanded a recently-described method [ 11 , 12 , 13 ] with the goal of providing specific answers as to how Acanthamoeba behave for future extrapolation into Acanthamoeba activity in the context of a potential contamination event in a contact lens care system, which could lead to an ocular infection. The present study takes the first steps in this endeavor: understanding how these amoeba behave in a potential overnight period, using several different types of commonly used “control” settings in ocular Acanthamoeba research, with and without nutrients provided.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These new tools have been used to successfully track and quantify the movements of many different microscopic populations, such as human neural stem cells, breast adenocarcinoma cells, and Drosophila [ 8 , 9 , 10 ]. These techniques have also recently been used to quantify the cytopathic effects on Acanthamoeba motility [ 11 ] after infection with a giant virus [ 12 ] and during exposure to an electric field [ 13 ]. However, to our knowledge, this technology has never been used to examine multiple Acanthamoeba strains for movements on various surfaces and in varying nutritional states for a period as long as 12 h.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Continuous Real-Time Motility Analysis of Acanthamoeba Reveals Sustained Movement in Absence of Nutrients

et al. 2021

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Acanthamoeba keratitis is a serious ocular infection which is challenging to treat and can lead to blindness. While this pathogen is ubiquitous and can contaminate contact lenses after contact with water, its habits remain elusive. Understanding this organism’s natural behavior will better inform us on how Acanthamoeba colonize contact lens care systems. Acanthamoeba trophozoites were allowed to adhere to either a glass coverslip or non-nutrient agar (NNA) within a flow cell with nutrients (Escherichia coli or an axenic culture medium (AC6)) or without nutrients (Ringer’s solution). Images were taken once every 24 s over 12 h and compiled, and videos were analyzed using ImageJ Trackmate software. Acanthamoeba maintained continuous movement for the entire 12 h period. ATCC 50370 had limited differences between conditions and surfaces throughout the experiment. Nutrient differences had a noticeable impact for ATCC 30461, where E. coli resulted in the highest total distance and speed during the early periods of the experiment but had the lowest total distance and speed by 12 h. The Ringer’s and AC6 conditions were the most similar between strains, while Acanthamoeba in the E. coli and NNA conditions demonstrated significant differences between strains (p < 0.05). These results indicate that quantifiable visual tracking of Acanthamoeba may be a novel and robust method for identifying the movement of Acanthamoeba in relation to contact lens care products. The present study indicates that Acanthamoeba can undertake sustained movement for at least 12 h with and without nutrients, on both rough and smooth surfaces, and that different strains have divergent behavior.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Continuous Real-Time Motility Analysis of Acanthamoeba Reveals Sustained Movement in Absence of Nutrients

et al. 2021

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“…However, CellSearch CTC studies, the standardized CellSearch® technique, consist of the first immunomagnetically enriching CD146 melanoma cells and subsequently staining the cell mixture with MHW-MAA. Only cells with the MHW-MAA staining and lacking CD45 and CD34 staining for leukocytes and endothelial cells, respectively, are counted as CTCs (Angi et al, 2013 ; Bidard et al, 2014 ; Bande et al, 2015 ; Terai et al, 2015 ; Anand et al, 2019 ).…”

Section: Current Trends In Single-cell Technology For Uveal Melanomamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One of the earliest CTC analyses in UM was conducted by Angi et al ( 2013 ). They used the CellSearch system to detect CTCs in patients with high- and low-risk UM and showed a strong correlation between CTC presence and monosomy 3.…”

Section: Current Trends In Single-cell Technology For Uveal Melanomamentioning

confidence: 99%

Applying Single-Cell Technology in Uveal Melanomas: Current Trends and Perspectives for Improving Uveal Melanoma Metastasis Surveillance and Tumor Profiling

Wang

Chen

Lynn

et al. 2021

Front. Mol. Biosci.

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Uveal melanoma (UM) is the most common primary adult intraocular malignancy. This rare but devastating cancer causes vision loss and confers a poor survival rate due to distant metastases. Identifying clinical and molecular features that portend a metastatic risk is an important part of UM workup and prognostication. Current UM prognostication tools are based on determining the tumor size, gene expression profile, and chromosomal rearrangements. Although we can predict the risk of metastasis fairly accurately, we cannot obtain preclinical evidence of metastasis or identify biomarkers that might form the basis of targeted therapy. These gaps in UM research might be addressed by single-cell research. Indeed, single-cell technologies are being increasingly used to identify circulating tumor cells and profile transcriptomic signatures in single, drug-resistant tumor cells. Such advances have led to the identification of suitable biomarkers for targeted treatment. Here, we review the approaches used in cutaneous melanomas and other cancers to isolate single cells and profile them at the transcriptomic and/or genomic level. We discuss how these approaches might enhance our current approach to UM management and review the emerging data from single-cell analyses in UM.

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Temperature limitation may explain the containment of the trophozoites in the cornea during Acanthamoeba castellanii keratitis

2014

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Acanthamoeba keratitis is a serious sight-threatening disease. The relatively low temperature of the cornea may explain why amoebic infections usually are localized in this tissue and rarely spread to other parts of the eye. In this study, the growth rate of the amoeba Acanthamoeba castellanii was examined at different temperatures. The aim was to establish the optimal growth temperature for A. castellanii and to examine the growth within the vicinity of the core body temperature. The growth rates of four clinical and two environmental strains of A. castellanii were estimated at different temperatures, and temperature limitations for the trophozoite stage was established. Movements influenced by temperature gradients were monitored for two clinical strains of A. castellanii. The highest growth rate for each of the six amoebic strains tested was found to be close to 32 °C. The growth of the trophozoites of all examined strains was greatly reduced or completely halted at temperatures above 36 °C and encysted at the elevated temperature. Thus, the optimal growth temperature for the four strains of A. castellanii is close to the surface temperature of the human cornea, while the higher body core-temperature induced encysting of the amoebae. This may explain why most amoebic eye infections are confined to the cornea.

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AcanthamoebaMigration in an Electric Field

Cited by 4 publications

References 43 publications

Continuous Real-Time Motility Analysis of Acanthamoeba Reveals Sustained Movement in Absence of Nutrients

Continuous Real-Time Motility Analysis of Acanthamoeba Reveals Sustained Movement in Absence of Nutrients

Applying Single-Cell Technology in Uveal Melanomas: Current Trends and Perspectives for Improving Uveal Melanoma Metastasis Surveillance and Tumor Profiling

Temperature limitation may explain the containment of the trophozoites in the cornea during Acanthamoeba castellanii keratitis

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