<i>ACAA2</i> and <i>FASN</i> polymorphisms affect the fatty acid profile of Chios sheep milk

Symeou, Simoni; Tzamaloukas, Ouranios; Banos, Georgios; Miltiadou, Despoina

doi:10.1017/s0022029919000992

Cited by 11 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 17 publications

(40 reference statements)

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“…Lipids from milk and feeds were extracted and methylated as described by Symeou et al . (2019) and (2020), and Tsiafoulis et al (2014), respectively. Milk atherogenic ( AI ) and desaturation index ( DI ) were determined and fat-corrected milk yield at 6% of fat content was estimated.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…Measurements for total fat, protein, and solids non-fat were performed with the use of Lactostar 3510 (Funke Gerber, Berlin, Germany) according to Tzamaloukas et al (2015). Lipids from milk and feeds were extracted and methylated as described by Symeou et al (2019) and (2020), and Tsiafoulis et al (2014, respectively. Milk atherogenic (AI) and desaturation index (DI) were determined and fatcorrected milk yield at 6% of fat content was estimated.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Feeding wheat dried distillers’ grains with solubles increases conjugated linoleic acid and unsaturated lipids in ovine milk without adversely affecting milk yield

Neofytou

Michael

Constantinou

et al. 2021

Journal of Dairy Research

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The aim of this research communication was to examine the effect of dietary supplementation with wheat-based dried distillers’ grains with solubles (DDGS), a by-product of bioethanol production, on yield, composition, and fatty acid (FA) profile of ewe milk. Forty-five purebred mid-lactating Chios ewes (average milk yield 2.23 kg/d in 96 ± 5 d in lactation) were offered three iso-nitrogenous and iso-energetic diets (15 animals per diet) for a 10 d adaptation period followed by a 5-week recording and sampling period. The diets contained 0, 6, and 12% DDGS on DM basis for the DG0, DG6, and DG12 treatment, respectively, as a replacement of concentrate mix, whilst concentrate-to-forage ratio remained at 60:40 in all treatments. Individual milk yield, milk composition, and FA profile were recorded weekly and analyzed using a complete randomized design with repeated measurements. No significant differences were observed among groups concerning dry matter intake (overall mean of 2.59 kg/d), milk yield or 6% fat-corrected milk and milk protein percentage or protein yield. Milk fat percentage was decreased in the DG12 (4.76%) compared to DG0 (5.69%) without, however, significantly affecting the daily output of milk fat. The concentration of all major saturated FA between C4:0 to C16:0 was reduced, whereas long-chain (>16 carbons), mono-unsaturated and poly-unsaturated FAs were increased in the milk of DDGS groups. Among individual FA, increments of oleic acid and C18:1 trans-monoenes like C18:1 trans-10 and C18:1 trans-11 were demonstrated in DG12 group, whereas linoleic and conjugated linoleic acid (CLA cis-9, trans-11) were elevated in both DDGS groups compared to control. Changes in FA profile resulted in a decline in the atherogenic index of milk by 20% and 35% in DG6 and DG12 treatments, respectively, compared with control. In conclusion, feeding DDGS to dairy ewes increased the levels of unsaturated FA that are potentially beneficial for human health without adversely affecting milk, protein or fat yield.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 88%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feeding wheat dried distillers’ grains with solubles increases conjugated linoleic acid and unsaturated lipids in ovine milk without adversely affecting milk yield

Neofytou

Michael

Constantinou

et al. 2021

Journal of Dairy Research

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“…Two cheese batches per feeding treatment were produced, and three cheese samples per batch were analyzed for FA content. Lipid isolation from feed, milk, and halloumi samples was performed and FA methyl esters (FAME) were prepared as described previously (Tzamaloukas et al 2015;Symeou et al 2020). FA profiles were generated by analyzing the FAME samples on a gas chromatography-mass spectrometer (GCMS-QP2010 Shimadzu, Duisburg, Germany) equipped with an HT280T autosampler (HTA, Brescia, Italy).…”

Section: Sampling and Chemical Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Feeding olive cake silage up to 20% of DM intake in sheep improves lipid quality and health-related indices of milk and ovine halloumi cheese

Symeou

Miltiadou

Constantinou

et al. 2021

Trop Anim Health Prod

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This study aimed to evaluate the use of a by-product, olive cake silage (OCS), as a forage replacement in sheep diets for the improvement of fatty acid (FA) content of milk and thus, the lipids of the ovine halloumi cheese produced. Sixty second-parity purebred Chios ewes in mid-lactation were assigned to three diet treatments (2 lots of 10 animals per treatment) receiving 0%, 10%, and 20% of OCS on dry matter basis for 3 weeks (treatments S0, S10, and S20, respectively). Halloumi cheese was manufactured from fresh raw milk of ewes fed the three different diets. Inclusion of OCS in the diets increased linearly the concentration in milk of unsaturated FA up to 20%, monounsaturated FA up to 23%, polyunsaturated FA up to 11%, rumenic acid (CLA cis-9, trans-11) up to 61%, and consequently reduced the atherogenicity and thrombogenicity milk indices by 31% and 27%, for the S10 and S20 treatments, respectively, compared with the control treatment. Moreover, these differences were carried over to the lipid profile of ovine halloumi cheese showing, on average, more than 25% increase of unsaturated, polyunsaturated, and monounsaturated FA, with particularly enhanced oleic and rumenic acid content. These changes resulted in reduced atherogenicity by 29% and 45% and thrombogenicity by 23% and 24% of ovine halloumi cheese made from milk of S10 and S20 diets, respectively. Milk yield, milk fat, or protein content was not affected by S10 or S20 feeding treatments compared to control. Overall, the applied ensiling method of olive cake produces a by-product that can be included as a forage replacement up to 20% of DM intake in Chios sheep without adversely affecting the lactating performance. Furthermore, the present study showed that such substitution improves the lipid quality of milk and related halloumi cheese enriching these ovine dairy products with beneficial to human health fatty acids.

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“…For example, a study examining gene expression differences in metabolism and function between intramuscular and subcutaneous adipocytes in cattle found that SCD was highly expressed in adipocytes and closely associated with fat formation [53]. ACAA2 can play an important role in fatty acid metabolism by promoting the differentiation of sheep precursor adipocytes into adipocytes [38,67]. The inhibition of FADS2 in essential fatty acid de ciency induces hepatic lipid accumulation via impairment of very lowdensity lipoprotein secretion [68].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification and co-expression analysis of long noncoding RNAs and mRNAs involved in the deposition of intramuscular fat in Aohan fine-wool sheep

Han

Liu

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Intramuscular fat (IMF) content has become one of the most important indicators for measuring meat quality, and levels of IMF are affected by various genes. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are widely expressed non-coding RNAs that play an important regulatory role in a variety of biological processes; however, research on the lncRNAs involved in sheep IMF deposition is still in its infancy. Aohan fine-wool sheep (AFWS), one of China's most important meat-hair, dual-purpose sheep breed, provides a great model for studying the role of lncRNAs in the regulation of IMF deposition. We identified lncRNAs by RNA sequencing in longissimus dorsi muscle (LDM) samples of sheep at two ages: 2 months (Mth-2) and 12 months (Mth-12). Results: We identified a total of 26,247 genes and 6,935 novel lncRNAs in LDM samples of sheep. Among these, 606 mRNAs and 408 lncRNAs were differentially expressed. We then compared the structural characteristics of lncRNAs and mRNAs. We obtained target genes of differentially expressed lncRNAs (DELs) and performed enrichment analyses using Gene Ontology (GO) and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG). We found that target mRNAs were primarily enriched in lipid metabolism, lipid transport, regulation of primary metabolic processes and developmental pathways. Based on the results of important KEGG pathways, we obtained six candidate lncRNAs that potentially regulate lipid deposition and constructed an lncRNA-mRNA co-expression network that included MSTRG.792.1- SCD , MSTRG.8227.1- ACAA2 , MSTRG.10679.1- FADS2 , MSTRG.21942.1- PLA2G4E , MSTRG.21380.1- FZD4 and MSTRG.9270.1- ULK1 . We speculated that these candidate lncRNAs might play a role by regulating the expression of target genes. We randomly selected five mRNAs and five lncRNAs to verify the accuracy of the sequencing data by qRT-PCR. Conclusions: Our study provided a list of the lncRNAs and mRNAs related to intramuscular lipid deposition in sheep and laid a foundation for future research on regulatory mechanisms.

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ACAA2 and FASN polymorphisms affect the fatty acid profile of Chios sheep milk

Cited by 11 publications

References 17 publications

Feeding wheat dried distillers’ grains with solubles increases conjugated linoleic acid and unsaturated lipids in ovine milk without adversely affecting milk yield

Feeding wheat dried distillers’ grains with solubles increases conjugated linoleic acid and unsaturated lipids in ovine milk without adversely affecting milk yield

Feeding olive cake silage up to 20% of DM intake in sheep improves lipid quality and health-related indices of milk and ovine halloumi cheese

Identification and co-expression analysis of long noncoding RNAs and mRNAs involved in the deposition of intramuscular fat in Aohan fine-wool sheep

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