ABERRANT PANICLE ORGANIZATION 2/RFL, the rice ortholog of Arabidopsis LEAFY, suppresses the transition from inflorescence meristem to floral meristem through interaction with APO1

Ikeda-Kawakatsu, Kyoko; Maekawa, Masahiko; Izawa, Takeshi; Itoh, Jun; Nagato, Yasuo

doi:10.1111/j.1365-313x.2011.04781.x

Cited by 187 publications

(212 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…Similar activities for F-box proteins have been reported previously in yeast and mammals (Muratani and Tansey, 2003). UFO orthologs in petunia and rice [DOUBLE TOP (Souer et al, 2008) and ABER-RANT PANICLE ORGANIZATION1 (APO1; Ikeda-Kawakatsu et al, 2012), respectively] have been shown to physically interact with their respective LFY orthologs (ABERRANT LEAF AND FLOWER and RFL/APO2, respectively), suggesting that the dependence of LFY on F-box regulation for some of its activity is conserved across angiosperms.…”

Section: Regulation Of Floral Homeotic Genes By Lfymentioning

confidence: 57%

The poetry of reproduction: the role of LEAFY in Arabidopsis thaliana flower formation

Siriwardana

Lamb²

2012

Int. J. Dev. Biol.

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For successful reproduction, angiosperms must form fertile flowers at the appropriate positions and at the appropriate times. The reproductive transition is especially important for monocarpic plants that only flower once. In the model annual plant Arabidopsis thaliana, this transition is controlled through regulation of a group of genes termed floral meristem identity genes, of which LEAFY (LFY) is arguably the most important. LFY orthologs are found throughout land plants and are essential for angiosperm reproduction. These genes have also been implicated in reproductive development in gymnosperms. LFY encodes a plant-specific transcription factor that can act as either an activator or repressor depending on context, including what co-factors it is interacting with. It controls multiple aspects of floral morphogenesis, including phyllotaxis, organ number, organ identity and determinacy. Much progress has been made in elucidating the molecular mechanisms through which LFY and its orthologs contribute to a precise switch to flowering. We discuss the current state of knowledge in Arabidopsis, with an emphasis on known target genes and co-factors of LFY.

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Section: Regulation Of Floral Homeotic Genes By Lfymentioning

confidence: 57%

The poetry of reproduction: the role of LEAFY in Arabidopsis thaliana flower formation

Siriwardana

Lamb²

2012

Int. J. Dev. Biol.

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“…LFY and APETALA1 (AP1) induce each other's expression to initiate flower primordium emergence and morphogenesis 7,8 . Unlike their counterparts in Arabidopsis 9 , rice AP1-like and LFY-like genes are involved in inflorescence meristem specification [10][11][12] . Instead, OsMADS1/LEAFY HULL STERILE1 (LHS1), an E-class gene, functions similarly to LFY and AP1 in determining floral meristem initiation and specification 13,14 .…”

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confidence: 99%

Jasmonic acid regulates spikelet development in rice

et al. 2014

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The spikelet is the basal unit of inflorescence in grasses, and its formation is crucial for reproductive success and cereal yield. Here, we report a previously unknown role of the plant hormone jasmonic acid (JA) in determining rice (Oryza sativa) spikelet morphogenesis. The extra glume 1 (eg1) and eg2 mutants exhibit altered spikelet morphology with changed floral organ identity and number, as well as defective floral meristem determinacy. We show that EG1 is a plastid-targeted lipase that participates in JA biosynthesis, and EG2/OsJAZ1 is a JA signalling repressor that interacts with a putative JA receptor, OsCOI1b, to trigger OsJAZ1's degradation during spikelet development. OsJAZ1 also interacts with OsMYC2, a transcription factor in the JA signalling pathway, and represses OsMYC2's role in activating OsMADS1, an E-class gene crucial to the spikelet development. This work discovers a key regulatory mechanism of grass spikelet development and suggests that the role of JA in reproduction has diversified during the flowering plant evolution.

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“…Orthologs of RA2 and RA3 (but not RA1) are found in the rice genome, but their functions are unknown. The rice genes ABERRANT PANICLE1 (APO1) and APO2 are orthologs of the Arabidopsis genes UNUSUAL FLORAL ORGANS (UFO) and LEAFY (LFY), respectively, and they negatively regulate the shift to SM identity (10)(11)(12). In Arabidopsis and other eudicot species, UFO and LFY promote determinate floral meristem identity (10).…”

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confidence: 99%

TAWAWA1 , a regulator of rice inflorescence architecture, functions through the suppression of meristem phase transition

Yoshida

Sasao

Yasuno

et al. 2012

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Inflorescence structures result from the activities of meristems, which coordinate both the renewal of stem cells in the center and organ formation at the periphery. The fate of a meristem is specified at its initiation and changes as the plant develops. During rice inflorescence development, newly formed meristems acquire a branch meristem (BM) identity, and can generate further meristems or terminate as spikelets. Thus, the form of rice inflorescence is determined by a reiterative pattern of decisions made at the meristems. In the dominant gain-of-function mutant tawawa1-D, the activity of the inflorescence meristem (IM) is extended and spikelet specification is delayed, resulting in prolonged branch formation and increased numbers of spikelets. In contrast, reductions in TAWAWA1 (TAW1) activity cause precocious IM abortion and spikelet formation, resulting in the generation of small inflorescences. TAW1 encodes a nuclear protein of unknown function and shows high levels of expression in the shoot apical meristem, the IM, and the BMs. TAW1 expression disappears from incipient spikelet meristems (SMs). We also demonstrate that members of the SHORT VEGETATIVE PHASE subfamily of MADS-box genes function downstream of TAW1. We thus propose that TAW1 is a unique regulator of meristem activity in rice and regulates inflorescence development through the promotion of IM activity and suppression of the phase change to SM identity.ALOG family | meristem identity | grain yield T he timing of each meristem phase change is crucial in the control of inflorescence architecture (1-3). In grass species, the basic architecture of inflorescence is defined by the spatial arrangement of spikelets, which are small branches containing a variable number of flowers. Among the meristems that are generated from the primary inflorescence meristem (IM) during inflorescence (panicle) development, early ones acquire an indeterminate branch meristem (BM) identity, whereas later ones are specified as determinate spikelet meristems (SMs) (Fig. 1A) (4, 5). The BMs themselves are eventually transformed into SMs after generating a certain number of branches and spikelets (Fig. 1B). Thus, the pattern of SM specification is a primary determinant of grass inflorescence form. Delays in SM specification lead to iterations of branching, resulting in larger panicles that could potentially produce more grain. Conversely, the acceleration of SM specification results in smaller panicles with fewer spikelets. Rice inflorescence development exhibits an additional unique feature in that the IM loses its activity after producing several BMs, leaving a vestige at the tip of the rachis, the inflorescence main stem (Fig. 1A). Therefore, the timing of IM abortion is also a critical factor determining the form of rice inflorescence.The competence of a meristem to become an SM gradually increases during inflorescence development; however, the molecular basis for the timing of SM specification is largely unknown.To date, several genes that control inflorescence form ...

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ABERRANT PANICLE ORGANIZATION 2/RFL, the rice ortholog of Arabidopsis LEAFY, suppresses the transition from inflorescence meristem to floral meristem through interaction with APO1

Cited by 187 publications

References 56 publications

The poetry of reproduction: the role of LEAFY in Arabidopsis thaliana flower formation

The poetry of reproduction: the role of LEAFY in Arabidopsis thaliana flower formation

Jasmonic acid regulates spikelet development in rice

TAWAWA1 , a regulator of rice inflorescence architecture, functions through the suppression of meristem phase transition

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