110th Anniversary: Carbon Dioxide and Chemical Looping: Current Research Trends

Abstract

Driven by the need to develop technologies for converting CO 2 , an extraordinary array of chemical looping based process concepts has been proposed and researched over the past 15 years. This review aims at providing first a historical context of the molecule CO 2 , which sits at the center of these developments. Then, different types of chemical looping related to CO 2 are addressed, with attention to process concepts, looping materials, and reactor configurations. Herein, focus lies on the direct conversion of carbon dioxide into carbon monoxide, a process deemed to have economic potential.

Chemical looping beyond combustion – a perspective

“…decomposition of a chemical reaction into multiple subreactions facilitated by solid reaction intermediates, was investigated long before that. 2,3 Owing to the pressing demand for carbon emissions reduction, 4,5 chemical looping combustion (CLC) has been studied extensively over the past three decades as a new technology for power generation with integrated CO 2 capture, [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22] as evidenced by more than 2400 peer-reviewed publications to date (based on the chemical abstracts service). In comparison, research related to chemical looping strategies prior to 1983 was scattered and often dealt with concepts other than power generation and CO 2 capture.…”

CO2 capture using solid sorbents: Fundamental aspects, mechanistic insights and recent advances

“…The recent creation of large, publicly accessible databases of DFT-calculated inorganic materials such as the Materials Project [492], OQMD [493], [494], AiiDA [495], AFLOW [496], the Computational Materials Repository [497] and others made larger materials discovery efforts possible for the first time, being able to consider tens of thousands of materials at a sufficiently advanced level of DFT accuracy to predict material properties in silico. The first screening to utilize such databases for CO2 capture was that of Dunstan et al [498], where Apart from theoretical databases, there are also many experimental data repositories such as the NIST-JANAF thermochemical tables [500], NASA Glenn Research Center [501] or Barin and Knacke's tables [502], or commercial software packages [503], [504] to use as the basis for determining promising candidate materials for CO2 capture. Usually, these databases give very similar results, but in specific cases, such as for the MgO-MgCO3 system, can differ significantly (Section 2.1).…”

Mixed Dimensional Nanostructure (UiO‐66‐Decorated MWCNT) as a Nanofiller in Mixed‐Matrix Membranes for Enhanced CO2/CH4 Separation

“…Therefore, it is desirable to use competent technologies that can separate huge volumes of CO 2 to boost the natural gas calorific value and alleviate the corrosion of gas pipelines [1,2] . Typically, CO 2 is eliminated by adsorption, cryogenic distillation, or membrane separation [3–6] . However, membrane technology has an edge over other traditional technologies by virtue of its high energy efficiency, flexibility in design, space efficiency and low impact on the environment [7,8] …”

“…[1,2] Typically, CO 2 is eliminated by adsorption, cryogenic distillation, or membrane separation. [3][4][5][6] However, membrane technology has an edge over other traditional technologies by virtue of its high energy efficiency, flexibility in design, space efficiency and low impact on the environment. [7,8] Due to their enticing features like high selectivity and low throughput, the polymeric membranes are practically the most used membranes for gas separation applications.…”