Hypoxia-preconditioned olfactory mucosa mesenchymal stem cells abolish cerebral ischemia/reperfusion-induced pyroptosis and apoptotic death of microglial cells by activating HIF-1α

Abstract

Among central nervous system (CNS) diseases, cerebral ischemic stroke is the most common cause of death and disability [1]. This condition has been successfully treated with tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) therapy. However, the reperfusion process may result in serious brain tissue damage [2], and has been an intractable challenge in stroke treatment. It is, therefore, crucial to elucidate the latent mechanisms of cerebral I/R injury. Cerebral I/R insult is often accompanied with inflammation [3]. In addition, cerebral I/R injury causes different subtypes of programmed cell death, including

WITHDRAWN: Remifentanil preconditioning alleviates myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats via activating Jagged-1/Notch signaling pathway

“…Furthermore, remifentanil preconditioning led to a remarkable increase in HIF-1 level the cardiac tissues. Notably, recent studies have revealed that elevated HIF-1 could protect the organs from I/R-induced damage through potentiating antioxidant activity and facilitating cell survival [37][38][39]. Besides, cell model experiments showed that remifentanil preconditioning significantly reversed the increase in intracellular ROS accumulation and apoptosis of H9c2 cardiomyocytes triggered by hypoxia/reoxygenation exposure.…”

Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Autophagy: Potential Targets of Mesenchymal Stem Cells-Based Therapies in Ischemic Stroke

“…Another in vivo investigation demonstrated that lymphocytes cocultured with human cord blood-derived multipotent stem cells (HCB-SCs) attenuated inflammasome activity in middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) rats by suppressing NLRP3 inflammasome activation and promoting Tregs differentiation (Zhao et al, 2019c). In addition, a study on microglia revealed that hypoxia-preconditioned OM-MSCs suppressed pyroptotic death of microglia caused by cerebral ischemia-reperfusion insult by activating HIF-1α (Huang et al, 2020).…”

Novel insights for improving the therapeutic safety and efficiency of mesenchymal stromal cells

“…Interestingly, hypoxia pretreatment significantly increased the proliferation and chondrogenic differentiation of adipose tissue-derived stem cells but decreased their osteogenic differentiation in a vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-dependent manner[ 25 ]. In parallel, hypoxia-preconditioned olfactory mucosa mesenchymal stem cells inhibits pyroptotic and apoptotic death of microglial cell in response to cerebral ischemia/reperfusion insult by activating hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) in vitro [ 26 ]. Hypoxia preconditioning of human dental MSCs empowers their immunoregulatory functions.…”