Hypoxia Inducible Factor‐1a (HIF‐1a) and Heat Shock Proteins 90, 70 (HSP 90, 70) expression in ocular pterygium and normal conjunctiva.

Pagoulatos, Dionysios; Pharmakakis, Nikolaos; Argyropoulou, A; Assimakopoulou, Martha

doi:10.1111/j.1755-3768.2012.t025.x

Cited by 5 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…Using geldamycin, an inhibitor of Hsp90, the authors demonstrated that Hsp90 is important as a molecular chaperone in CB2 receptor-mediated cell signaling and actin cytoskeleton rearrangement in trabecular meshwork cells ( 58 ). In our previous study ( 59 ) the abundant expression of Hsp90 in pterygial epithelial cells was displayed in contrast to that in conjunctival cells. In addition, correlation analysis revealed that Hsp90 expression is significantly correlated with the expression of CB2 receptor (Spearman's rho=0.660; P<0.01) in pterygium samples, but not in conjunctiva (P>0.05).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

Immunolocalization of cannabinoid receptor type 1 and CB2 cannabinoid receptors, and transient receptor potential vanilloid channels in pterygium

Assimakopoulou¹,

Pagoulatos²,

Nterma³

et al. 2017

Molecular Medicine Reports

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Cannabinoids, as multi-target mediators, activate cannabinoid receptors and transient receptor potential vanilloid (TRPV) channels. There is evidence to support a functional interaction of cannabinoid receptors and TRPV channels when they are coexpressed. Human conjunctiva demonstrates widespread cannabinoid receptor type 1 (CB1), CB2 and TRPV channel localization. The aim of the present study was to investigate the expression profile for cannabinoid receptors (CB1 and CB2) and TRPV channels in pterygium, an ocular surface lesion originating from the conjunctiva. Semi-serial paraffin-embedded sections from primary and recurrent pterygium samples were immunohistochemically examined with the use of specific antibodies. All of the epithelial layers in 94, 78, 96, 73 and 80% of pterygia cases, exhibited CB1, CB2, TRPV1, TRPV2 and TRPV3 cytoplasmic immunoreactivity, respectively. The epithelium of all pterygia cases (100%) showed strong, mainly nuclear, TRPV4 immunolocalization. In the pterygium stroma, scattered cells demonstrated intense CB2 immunoreactivity, whereas vascular endothelial cells were immunopositive for the cannabinoid receptors and all TRPV channels. Quantitative analyses of the immunohistochemical findings in epithelial cells demonstrated a significantly higher expression level in conjunctiva compared with primary pterygia (P=0.04) for CB1, but not for CB2 (P>0.05). Additionally, CB1 and CB2 were significantly highly expressed in primary pterygia (P=0.01), compared with recurrent pterygia. Furthermore, CB1 expression levels were significantly correlated with CB2 expression levels in primary pterygia (P=0.005), but not in recurrent pterygia (P>0.05). No significant difference was detected for all TRPV channel expression levels between pterygium (primary or recurrent) and conjunctival tissues (P>0.05). A significant correlation between the TRPV1 and TRPV3 expression levels (P<0.001) was detected independently of pterygium recurrence. Finally, TRPV channel expression was identified to be significantly higher than the expression level of cannabinoid receptors in the pterygium samples (P<0.001). The differentiated expression of cannabinoid receptors in combination with the presence of TRPV channels, in primary and recurrent pterygia, imply a potential role of these cannabinoid targets in the underlying mechanisms of pterygium.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

Immunolocalization of cannabinoid receptor type 1 and CB2 cannabinoid receptors, and transient receptor potential vanilloid channels in pterygium

Assimakopoulou¹,

Pagoulatos²,

Nterma³

et al. 2017

Molecular Medicine Reports

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“…A coordinated activation and increase of HIF-1α and heat shock proteins in pterygium, may represent an adaptive process for the survival of cells undergoing stressful conditions [32].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cultivation and characterization of pterygium as an ex vivo study model for disease and therapy

Josifovska

Szabó

Nagymihály

et al. 2017

Contact Lens and Anterior Eye

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A B S T R A C TPurpose: Development of ex vivo model to study pathogenesis, inflammation and treatment modalities for pterygium. Methods: Pterygium obtained from surgery was cultivated (3 months). Gravitational attachment method using viscoelastic facilitated adherence of graft and outgrowing cells. Medium contained serum as the only growth supplement with no use of scaffolds. Surface profiling of the multi-layered cells for hematopoietic-and mesenchymal stem cell markers was performed. Examination of cells by immunohistochemistry using pluripotency, oxidative stress, stemness, migration and proliferation, epithelial and secretory markers was performed. The effect of anti-proliferative agent Mitomycin C upon secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and IL-8 was assessed. Results: Cells showed high expression of migration-(CXCR4), secretory-(MUC1, MUC4) and oxidative damage-(8-OHdG) markers, and low expression of hypoxia-(HIF-1α) and proliferation-(Ki-67) markers. Moderate and low expression of the pluripotency markers (Vimentin and ΔNp63) was present, respectively, while the putative markers of stemness (Sox2, Oct4, ABCG-2) and epithelial cell markers-(CK19, CK8-18) were weak. The surface marker profile of the outgrowing cells revealed high expression of the hematopoietic marker CD47, mesenchymal markers CD90 and CD73, minor or less positivity for the hematopoietic marker CD34, mesenchymal marker CD105, progenitor marker CD117 and attachment protein markers while low levels of IL-6 and IL-8 secretion ex vivo, were inhibited upon Mitomycin C treatment. Conclusion: Ex vivo tissue engineered pterygium consists of a mixture of cells of different lineage origin, suitable for use as a disease model for studying pathogenesis ex vivo, while opening possibilities for new treatment and prevention modalities.

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“…In pterygium, increased expression of Hsp27 was significantly found in the epithelial, endothelial, and conjunctival vascular smooth muscle cells. In addition, an elevation in the expression of Hsp70 and Hsp90, as well as an alteration of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), was also found to induce the mechanism of pterygium [32].…”

Section: H Heat Shock Proteinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Updates on the Mechanism and Management of Pterygium: A Brief Review

Sakti¹

2021

EJMED

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Pterygium is an ocular surface disease characterized by invasive fibrovascular growth due to pathological proliferation and inflammation on the conjunctival and corneal tissue. Its occurrence has been associated with chronic ultraviolet exposure, thus becoming one of the most common eye problems in tropical regions worldwide. Although pterygium rarely causes severe visual disturbances or blindness, it often becomes a distressing problem because of the high recurrence rate and unsatisfactory cosmetic outcomes, despite receiving removal management. In recent decades, studies regarding molecular mechanisms and management of pterygium have been advanced. This review provides a brief update on the mechanism and management to achieve more optimal and satisfactory pterygium therapeutic approaches.

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Hypoxia Inducible Factor‐1a (HIF‐1a) and Heat Shock Proteins 90, 70 (HSP 90, 70) expression in ocular pterygium and normal conjunctiva.

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Immunolocalization of cannabinoid receptor type 1 and CB2 cannabinoid receptors, and transient receptor potential vanilloid channels in pterygium

Immunolocalization of cannabinoid receptor type 1 and CB2 cannabinoid receptors, and transient receptor potential vanilloid channels in pterygium

Cultivation and characterization of pterygium as an ex vivo study model for disease and therapy

Updates on the Mechanism and Management of Pterygium: A Brief Review

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