“…Biochemical and morphological studies have been conducted under ischemic conditions in the isolated retina of rat, rabbit or chick (Ames, 1983;Winkler, 1983;Doberstein et al, 1994;Neal et al, 1994;Romano et al, 1998). However, to date, intracellular Ca 2 responses to an in vitro ischemia have not been determined in retinal slice preparations, as has been performed using brain slices (Kass and Lipton, 1986;Mitani et al, 1990;Schurr et al, 1995;Laake et al, 1999). Studies using in vivo ischemic models of the retina have demonstrated that inner retinal neurons are more vulnerable to ischemia than outer retinal neurons (Hughes, 1991;Szabo et al, 1991;Peachey, Green and Ripps, 1993;Osborne, Larsen and Barnett, 1995;Larsen and Osborne, 1996;Rosenbaum et al, 1998).…”