Hypoxia enhances self-renewal properties and markers of mesenchymal stem cells

Abstract

Background<br />Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent stromal cells that express CD73, CD90, and CD105 surface markers, but not CD14, CD45, CD34, CD11b, and HLA-DR. MSCs under hypoxic conditions have the essential role of maintaining the stemness capacity by releasing several growth factors into their medium, known as hypoxia conditioned medium (HCM). This study was performed to compare the effect of percentage of HCM to normoxic medium (NM) in increasing MSC proliferation marked by proliferation rate and surface marker expression.<br /><br />Methods<br />This study was of post-test only control group design using human umbilical cord-MSCs (hUC-MSCs) as subjects. The HCM treatment group was obtained by culturing MSCs under 5% O2, whereas the NM control group was grown under 20% O2. The hUC-MSCs were divided into 4 groups with different dose ratios of HCM to NM (25%:75%; 50%:50%; 75%:25% for P1, P2 and P3, respectively and 100% of NM for the controls). All of these groups were maintained at 37oC and the data was collected after 72 hours incubation. MSC marker expression of CD73, CD90 and CD105 was analyzed using flow cytometry and MSC proliferation by trypan blue assay. <br /><br />Result<br />There were significant differences in MSC marker expression of CD73, CD90 and CD105 and proliferation at all dose ratios of HCM to NM (p<0.05).<br /><br />Conclusion<br />Low oxygen concentration promotes MSC proliferation and stemness thus it might be beneficial for maintaining the MSC physiologic niche in-vitro.

Hypoxia Mesenchymal Stem Cells Accelerate Wound Closure Improvement by Controlling α-smooth Muscle actin Expression in the Full-thickness Animal Model

“…However, the prolonged inflammatory phase causes impaired fibroblast differentiation that leads to delayed wound contraction, potentially resulting in scar formation [6], [7]. Recent studies have shown that hypoxic mesenchymal stem cells (HMSCs) enhance wound healing acceleration in several damaged tissues by increasing growth factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor, TGF-β, and PDGF to activate fibroblast differentiation into myofibroblasts [8], [9], [10], [11]. However, there are no reports on how days the HMSCs increase wound closure to the optimum wound healing by controlling α-SMA expression released by myofibroblast.…”

The Role of Hypoxic Mesenchymal Stem Cells Conditioned Medium in Increasing Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors (VEGF) Levels and Collagen Synthesis to Accelerate Wound Healing

“…HMSCs-CM has been shown enhance the quantities of paracrine factors leading to the optimum tissue healing improvement Yustianingsih, et al, 2019). The one mechanism healing of HMSCs-CM is to promotes the enhancement of angiogenesis and re-epithelization in injured tissues, that is in part mediated by several soluble factors such as VEGF (Muhar, et al, 2019;Xia, et al, 2018).…”

Hypoxic Preconditioning as a Strategy to Maintain the Regenerative Potential of Mesenchymal Stem Cells

“…Stem cells derived from apical papilla of wisdom teeth also showed increased proliferation and upregulation of SSEA4 which is an embryonic stem cell marker surface antigen. Human umbilical cord derived MSC grown in a culture under 5% oxygen showed better proliferation and maintenance of stemness [65]. MSC derived from different sources showed increased expression of pluripotency markers Oct4, C-Myc and Nanog when cultured at 5% oxygen concentration levels [66].…”