Hypoxia causes reductions in birth weight by altering maternal glucose and lipid metabolism

Määttä, Jenni; Sissala, Niina; Dimova, Elitsa Y.; Serpi, Raisa; Moore, Lorna G.; Koivunen, Peppi

doi:10.1038/s41598-018-31908-2

Cited by 20 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 34 publications

(44 reference statements)

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“…(2016 ) reported that although embryos remained with weights similar to controls following exposure to more severe hypoxia, heart weight was lower. The maintained liver weight was in agreement with Määttä et al . (2018 ), who found no deviation in liver weight in mice subjected to hypoxia.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Effects of hypoxic conditions during the plateau period on pre- and posthatch broiler performance

et al. 2022

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Adequate ambient temperature and oxygenation are necessary to maintain normal embryonic development of broilers; however, hypoxia challenge during incubation can aid in improving regulatory plasticity and lead to different phenotypes later in life. This study aimed to examine the effects of moderate hypoxia (O 2 17%) during the plateau phase on the embryonic physiological parameters and on posthatch performance (growth rate, feed consumption and feed conversion) up to the age of poultry marketing. The study included examined embryos exposed to O 2 17% for 12 h per day (h/d) from E16 through E18 (designated as 12H), or O 2 17% continuously, from E16 through E17 (designated as 48H) and a standard incubation control group (21% O 2 ). Physiological and morphological parameters of embryos and hatched chicks were measured. Male Chicks from all 3 treatment groups were raised under recommended temperature regime, and body weight, feed intake and FCR were recorded on a weekly basis. The intermittent hypoxia protocol (12H), allowed embryos to properly adapt to the shortage of oxygen, compensate for the gap in body mass that developed following the first exposure window, and hatch with characteristics similar to those of the control embryos. In contrast, while the 48H embryos were able to adapt to the hypoxic stress, the prolonged exposure prevented them from catching up with both control and 12H embryos. Broilers that were subjected to hypoxia showed hatchling body weights and growth rates similar to those of controls, throughout the entire growth phase. During the fifth wk, lower feed consumption was observed in the 12H and 48H groups and became significantly lower than the control chicks in the sixth wk of growth. Following hypoxia exposure, chicks managed to reach normal body weight with less feed, with the 12H group demonstrating lower and more efficient FCR during the last 2 wk of growth. Broiler embryos reacted to plateau-phase hypoxia challenge with numerous physiological and metabolic modifications. The prudent alterations in metabolism and cardiovascular system during exposure to hypoxia and posthatch, resulted in more efficient energy utilization in broilers, which may have a long-lasting enhancing effect on posthatching thermotolerance and sustainability in chicks reared under sub-optimal environmental conditions.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Effects of hypoxic conditions during the plateau period on pre- and posthatch broiler performance

et al. 2022

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“…The lower Hb levels associated with low-grade activation of the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) mediated transcriptional response, the HIF prolyl 4-hydroxylases (HIF-P4Hs) acting as the oxygen sensing component in this pathway. The HIF-mediated reprogramming of energy metabolism, leading to promotion of insulin-independent glucose intake and upregulation of the non-oxygen demanding glycolytic metabolism and downregulation of oxidative phosphorylation, has been shown to mediate protection against obesity and metabolic syndrome resulting in reduced body weight and adiposity, lower serum cholesterol levels, less white adipose tissue inflammation and improved glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity in human and mice, also during gestation 13 , 33 , 34 . Combining the results of this study, we offer HIF activation as a potential mechanism behind the protective effect of the lower-end normal Hb levels and decreased risk for GDM.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Higher hemoglobin levels are an independent risk factor for gestational diabetes

Sissala

Mustaniemi

Kajantie

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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Incidence of gestational diabetes (GDM) has increased rapidly. It poses significant risks for both mother and fetus affecting also negatively their longer-term metabolic heath. We asked whether early pregnancy maternal hemoglobin (Hb) levels, indicative for tissue oxygenation, would affect mother’s metabolic health and fetal outcome. We assessed in FinnGeDi, a Finnish multicenter case–control study for GDM (n = 1828), association of maternal 1st trimester Hb levels with metabolic parameters and perinatal outcome. Our data show that mothers with GDM had higher Hb levels compared to controls (mean difference 1.746 g/L). Hb levels associated positively with pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI), fasting glucose levels and glucose levels in a glucose tolerance test and systolic and diastolic blood pressure (bp) levels. When assessed in quartiles the highest Hb quartile had more chronic and gestational hypertension and the most adverse outcome of the metabolic parameters, dose-dependency seen in bp, BMI and glucose levels. In a multivariable regression analysis Hb levels remained an independently associated parameter for GDM after adjusting for key covariates (OR 1.019, 95% CI [1.007; 1.031]). In conclusion, higher maternal Hb levels within the normal variation are an independent risk factor for GDM in this population but have little effect on perinatal outcome.

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“…Studies in rodents have evaluated the effect of different levels of inhalation hypoxia on maternal metabolic support of fetal growth. Pregnant mice maintained under 15% hypoxia from the start of pregnancy show reduced maternal weight gain and adipocyte area during gestation (Määttä et al 2018). They also show greater glucose tolerance, fail to acquire insulin resistance and have elevated serum glucagon levels in late pregnancy (Määttä et al 2018).…”

Section: Low Protein Dietmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pregnancy‐induced changes in β‐cell function: what are the key players?

Salazar‐Petres

Sferruzzi‐Perri

2021

The Journal of Physiology

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Maternal metabolic adaptations during pregnancy ensure appropriate nutrient supply to the developing fetus. This is facilitated by reductions in maternal peripheral insulin sensitivity, which enables glucose to be available in the maternal circulation for transfer to the fetus for growth. To balance this process and avoid excessive hyperglycaemia and glucose intolerance in the mother during pregnancy, maternal pancreatic β-cells undergo remarkable changes in their function including increasing their proliferation and glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. In this review we examine how placental and maternal hormones work cooperatively to activate several signalling pathways, transcription factors and epigenetic regulators to drive adaptations Esteban Salazar-Petres was awarded his PhD in 2018 from Universidad Austral de Chile. Since 2019, he has been a Postdoctoral Research Fellow (funded by a Beca-Chile, ANID fellowship) in the Sferruzzi-Perri lab, at the University of Cambridge. His current research is mainly focused on understanding the regulation of maternal endocrine and metabolic adaptations to pregnancy, with an emphasis on the involvement of changes in placental function and adverse environmental conditions such as obesity, diet and stress by using animal models and human pregnancy samples.

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Hypoxia causes reductions in birth weight by altering maternal glucose and lipid metabolism

Cited by 20 publications

References 34 publications

Effects of hypoxic conditions during the plateau period on pre- and posthatch broiler performance

Effects of hypoxic conditions during the plateau period on pre- and posthatch broiler performance

Higher hemoglobin levels are an independent risk factor for gestational diabetes

Pregnancy‐induced changes in β‐cell function: what are the key players?

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