Hypovitaminosis D in dogs with inflammatory bowel disease and hypoalbuminaemia

Gow, Adam; Else, R. W.; Evans, Helen; Berry, Jacqueline; Herrtage, M. E.; Mellanby, Richard J.

doi:10.1111/j.1748-5827.2011.01082.x

Cited by 76 publications

(136 citation statements)

References 33 publications

(50 reference statements)

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“…Hepcidin has been shown to be upregulated in human IBD, resulting in ACD due to relative ID (Bergamaschi et al, 2013). As a further variable, Vitamin D is an important suppressor of hepcidin, and dogs with severe CE have been shown to have reduced vitamin D concentrations (Gow et al, 2011;Bacchetta et al, 2014). Moreover, in inflammatory conditions, the action of metal transporters can be disrupted, independently of hepcidin (Guida et al, 2015).…”

Section: Inclusion Criteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Chronic enteropathies (CE) are a common cause of morbidity and mortality in dogs (Allenspach et al, 2016). Metabolic complications are well described in dogs with CE, notably hypoalbuminaemia, hypocobalaminaemia and altered vitamin D status (Allenspach et al, 2007;Gow et al, 2011). Canine CE appears to share similarities to human IBD (Cerquetella et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Investigation of manganese homeostasis in dogs with anaemia and chronic enteropathy

Ferreira¹,

Aylor²,

Mellanby³

et al. 2018

Open Vet J.

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Lethargy is a frequent and important clinical feature of anaemia; however, it does not absolutely correlate with the severity of anaemia. Manganese is efficiently absorbed through the gastrointestinal tract via divalent metal transporter 1 (DMT1), which is also responsible for iron transport. DMT1 is upregulated in iron deficiency (ID). Increased manganese concentrations are reported in ID anaemia (IDA) in various species. Manganese is neurotoxic and therefore may contribute to lethargy observed in some anaemic patients. In addition, anaemia and ID are common in human inflammatory bowel disease. Little is known about how anaemia influences manganese metabolism in veterinary patients and how common is anaemia in dogs with chronic enteropathy (CE). If elevated manganese concentrations are found, then potentially neurotoxicity may be contributing to morbidity in these cases. The objectives of this study were to investigate the hypothesis that whole blood manganese concentrations would be increased in dogs with anaemia, particularly in dogs with confirmed IDA, and that anaemia would be common in canine CE. Medical records from 2012-2016 were reviewed for dogs with CE that were anaemic, as well as dogs with confirmed IDA, where a sample suitable for manganese analysis was held in an archive. Manganese concentration was measured in whole blood from: 11 anaemic dogs with CE, 6 dogs with IDA, 9 non-anaemic ill controls, and 12 healthy controls. MannWhitney U and Kruskal-Wallis tests with post-test Dunn's multiple comparisons tests were performed, with P<0.05 considered significant. The prevalence of anaemia in canine CE was 20.6% (33/160). Manganese concentrations were significantly different between all groups (P=0.0001) and higher in non-anaemic than anaemic dogs (P=0.0078). Manganese concentrations were also higher in healthy compared to ill controls (P<0.0001), anaemic dogs with CE (P=0.0056) and to dogs with IDA (P=0.0001). No differences were observed between anaemic dogs with CE, IDA and ill controls. Although anaemia was frequently observed in canine CE, the hypothesis that dogs with anaemia would have increased manganese concentrations, possibly contributing to a lethargic state was not supported. Further research is warranted to understand the influence of anaemia on whole blood manganese.

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Section: Inclusion Criteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of manganese homeostasis in dogs with anaemia and chronic enteropathy

Ferreira¹,

Aylor²,

Mellanby³

et al. 2018

Open Vet J.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In addition, there is evidence that biomarkers, such as serum C-reactive protein, serum canine pancreatic lipase immunoreactivity, and fecal alpha-1 proteinase inhibitor concentrations, are more commonly elevated in those dogs having the shortest survival times [7, 8]. Electrolyte disturbances, such as low total and ionized calcium concentrations and hypomagnesemia, have also been reported in some PLE in dogs [9, 10]. It is hypothesised that the ionized hypocalcemia in IBD cases could be caused by reduced Vit D or calcium–absorption, reduced dietary intake, and/or Vitamin D receptor polymorphisms in impaired Vitamin D metabolism [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypovitaminosis D is associated with negative outcome in dogs with protein losing enteropathy: a retrospective study of 43 cases

Allenspach

Rizzo

et al. 2017

BMC Vet Res

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BackgroundHypovitaminosis D has previously been shown to be prevalent amongst dogs with protein losing enteropathy (PLE).The hypothesis of this study was that Low 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH) D) serum concentrations could be a risk factor for negative outcome in dogs with PLE.Forty-three dogs diagnosed with PLE (2005–2014) and which serum Vitamin D serum concentrations were collected and archived at −80 Degrees C were analyzed.Post-diagnostic communication with referring veterinarians was made to determine outcome of PLE dogss: Dogs which died due to PLE within 4 months after diagnosis (negative outcome group, n = 22) and dogs alive or which died due to another disease at the end point of the study (1 year after diagnosis, good outcome group, n = 21). Serum samples taken at the time of diagnosis were analysed for ionized calcium (iCa) concentrations and serum 25(OH) D concentration.ResultsClinical (CCECAI) scores, age at PLE diagnosis, and iCa concentrations were not significantly different between dog groups. A significantly greater (p < 0.001) number of PLE dogs treated with hydrolyzed or elimination diet alone showed good outcome as compared to the PLE negative outcome group. Median serum 25(OH) D concentration was significantly (p = 0.017) lower in dogs with negative outcome versus PLE dogs with good outcome. Using logistic regression analysis, 25(OH) D serum concentration was shown to be a statistically significant factor for outcome determination. Cox regression analysis yielded a hazard ratio of 0.974 (95% CI 0.949, 0.999) per each one nmol/l increase in serum 25(OH) D concentration.ConclusionsLow serum 25(OH) D concentration in PLE dogs was significantly associated with poor outcome. Further studies are required to investigate the clinical efficacy of Vitamin D (cholecalciferol) as a potential therapeutic agent for dogs with PLE.

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“…The relatively normal body conditions of both populations, however, likely precluded any influence of body condition on serum 25(OH)D concentrations 34. Also, it is possible that other factors such as breed, sex, or undiagnosed diseases might have impacted results 35, 36, 37, 38. Finally, we cannot definitively exclude that concurrent medications, especially diuretics, given to dogs with CHF (Table 1) did not contribute to the low serum 25(OH)D concentrations by increased metabolism or excretion.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relation of Vitamin D Status to Congestive Heart Failure and Cardiovascular Events in Dogs

Kraus

Rassnick

Wakshlag

et al. 2013

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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BackgroundVitamin D plays a pivotal role in cardiac function, and there is increasing evidence that vitamin D deficiency is associated with the development of congestive heart failure (CHF) in people.HypothesisSerum vitamin D concentration is lower in dogs with CHF compared with unaffected controls and serum vitamin D concentration is associated with clinical outcome in dogs with CHF.AnimalsEighty‐two client‐owned dogs.MethodsIn this cross‐sectional study, we examined the association between circulating 25‐hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D], a measure of vitamin D status, and CHF in dogs. In the prospective cohort study, we examined whether 25(OH)D serum concentration was associated with clinical outcome in dogs with CHF.ResultsMean 25(OH)D concentration (100 ± 44 nmol/L) in 31 dogs with CHF was significantly lower than that of 51 unaffected dogs (123 ± 42 nmol/L; P = .023). The mean calculated vitamin D intake per kg of metabolic body weight in dogs with CHF was no different from that of unaffected dogs (1.37 ± 0.90 μg/kg metabolic body weight versus 0.98 ± 0.59 μg/kg body weight, respectively, P = .097). There was a significant association of serum 25(OH)D concentration on time to clinical manifestation of CHF or sudden death (P = .02).Conclusion and Clinical RelevanceThese findings suggest that low concentrations of 25(OH)D may be a risk factor for CHF in dogs. Low serum 25(OH)D concentration was associated with poor outcome in dogs with CHF. Strategies to improve vitamin D status in some dogs with CHF may prove beneficial without causing toxicity.

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Hypovitaminosis D in dogs with inflammatory bowel disease and hypoalbuminaemia

Abstract: Further studies are indicated to establish the pathogenesis of this disease complication as well as therapeutic strategies to reverse this state.

Cited by 76 publications

References 33 publications

Investigation of manganese homeostasis in dogs with anaemia and chronic enteropathy

Investigation of manganese homeostasis in dogs with anaemia and chronic enteropathy

Hypovitaminosis D is associated with negative outcome in dogs with protein losing enteropathy: a retrospective study of 43 cases

Relation of Vitamin D Status to Congestive Heart Failure and Cardiovascular Events in Dogs

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