Hypothalamic Vasopressin and Oxytocin mRNA Expression in Relation to Depressive State in Alzheimer’s Disease: A Difference With Major Depressive Disorder

Meynen, Gerben; Unmehopa, Unga A.; Hofman, Michel A.; Swaab, Dick F.; Hoogendijk, Witte J.G.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2826.2009.01890.x

Cited by 10 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…Exposure to stress can result in an increase in the stress hormone cortisol through the central HPA system [44], and the patients with AD with a higher dysphoria score had a higher Research Yu San Chang cortisol level in our results, which may suggest that the patients subjectively experienced more stress. The experience of stress is known to exacerbate mental illness, thereby contributing to the risk of depression [45].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 56%

The Relationship Between Thyroid Status, Cortisol Level, Cognition And Neuropsychiatric Symptoms In Patients With Alzheimer Disease

Chang¹,

Wu²,

Wang³

et al. 2018

Neuropsychiatry

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Objective: Growing evidence suggests an association between alterations in thyroid function and cortisol level and the pathogenesis and progression of Alzheimer disease (AD). The aim of this study was to investigate whether these hormones are related to the cognitive and neuropsychiatric manifestations in the patients with AD.Methods: This was a cross-sectional, case control study. Cortisol level and thyroid status were evaluated in 40 outpatients with mild to moderate AD and 20 normal controls, and cognitive and neuropsychiatric assessments were performed using the Cognitive Ability Screening Instrument (CASI), Neuropsychiatric Inventory, and Geriatric Depression Scale. Results:The patients had worse cognitive function and lower free triiodothyronine (FT3) level than the controls. Those with aberrant motor behavior had a lower FT3 level, and those with dysphoria had a higher cortisol level than those without these symptoms. The patients with a higher level of FT3 also had higher concentration and abstract thinking/judgment scores on the CASI, and those with a higher level of cortisol were associated with a decline in global cognition. Conclusion:Our results indicate a possible association between thyroid hormones and neuropsychiatric manifestations as well as cognitive function in euthyroid patients with AD, and suggest the potential efficacy of adjunctive T3 treatment in these patients. We hypothesize that patients with dysphoria subjectively experience more stress. Further studies are needed to elucidate whether this would increase the risk of depression or exacerbate cognitive function, and to investigate whether a non-pharmacological approach can relieve dysphoria symptoms according to the psychological attachment theory.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 56%

The Relationship Between Thyroid Status, Cortisol Level, Cognition And Neuropsychiatric Symptoms In Patients With Alzheimer Disease

Chang¹,

Wu²,

Wang³

et al. 2018

Neuropsychiatry

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“…The AVP mRNA in the SON is also increased in depressed subjects (339). In contrast, AVP mRNA expression in the PVN and SON is unchanged in depressed patients with Alzheimer's disease compared with nondepressed patients with Alzheimer's disease (338). Interestingly, two studies found a correlation between plasma AVP levels and cortisol levels in depression, particularly in suicide victims (112,232), but this finding was contradicted by another report (75).…”

Section: Anxiety and Depressionmentioning

confidence: 44%

Vasopressin V1a and V1b Receptors: From Molecules to Physiological Systems

Koshimizu

Nakamura

Egashira

et al. 2012

Physiological Reviews

324

297

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The neurohypophysial hormone arginine vasopressin (AVP) is essential for a wide range of physiological functions, including water reabsorption, cardiovascular homeostasis, hormone secretion, and social behavior. These and other actions of AVP are mediated by at least three distinct receptor subtypes: V1a, V1b, and V2. Although the antidiuretic action of AVP and V2 receptor in renal distal tubules and collecting ducts is relatively well understood, recent years have seen an increasing understanding of the physiological roles of V1a and V1b receptors. The V1a receptor is originally found in the vascular smooth muscle and the V1b receptor in the anterior pituitary. Deletion of V1a or V1b receptor genes in mice revealed that the contributions of these receptors extend far beyond cardiovascular or hormone-secreting functions. Together with extensively developed pharmacological tools, genetically altered rodent models have advanced the understanding of a variety of AVP systems. Our report reviews the findings in this important field by covering a wide range of research, from the molecular physiology of V1a and V1b receptors to studies on whole animals, including gene knockout/knockdown studies.

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“…Several studies have highlighted the role of oxytocin and vasopressin in social recognition3,4 and show that low levels of oxytocin could be responsible for deficits in face recognition in autistic patients 5. However, in AD patients, postmortem studies failed to show differences in central vasopressin and oxytocin concentration6 except in the hippocampus where levels were higher than in normal patients 7. This indicates that variations in oxytocin levels do not underlie the deficit in social recognition in AD and points to our incomplete understanding of the neural circuitries responsible for social recognition.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

β1‐adrenergic receptor activation enhances memory in Alzheimer's disease model

Coutellier

Ardestani

Shamloo

2014

Ann Clin Transl Neurol

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Objective Deficits in social recognition and learning of social cues are major symptoms of neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Here we studied the role of β1-noradrenergic signaling in cognitive function to determine whether it could be used as a potential therapeutic target for AD. Methods Using pharmacological, biochemical and behavioral tools, we assessed social recognition and the β1-adrenergic receptor (ADR) and its downstream PKA/phospho-CREB (pCREB) signaling cascade in the medial amygdala (MeA) in Thy1-hAPPLond/Swe+(APP) mouse model of AD. Results Our results demonstrated that APP mice display a significant social recognition deficit which is dependent on the β1-adrenergic system. Moreover, betaxolol, a selective β1-ADR antagonist, impaired social but not object/odor learning in C57Bl/6 mice. Our results identifies activation of the PKA/pCREB downstream of β1-ADR in MeA as responsible signaling cascade for learning of social cues in MeA. Finally, we found that xamoterol, a selective β1-ADR partial agonist, rescued the social recognition deficit of APP mice by increasing nuclear pCREB. Interpretation Our data indicate that activation of β1-ADR in MeA is essential for learning of social cues, and that an impairment of this cascade in AD may contribute to pathogenesis and cognitive deficits. Therefore, selective activation of β1-ADR may be used as a therapeutic approach to rescue memory deficits in AD. Further safety and translational studies will be needed to ensure the safety of this approach.

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Hypothalamic Vasopressin and Oxytocin mRNA Expression in Relation to Depressive State in Alzheimer’s Disease: A Difference With Major Depressive Disorder

Cited by 10 publications

References 65 publications

The Relationship Between Thyroid Status, Cortisol Level, Cognition And Neuropsychiatric Symptoms In Patients With Alzheimer Disease

The Relationship Between Thyroid Status, Cortisol Level, Cognition And Neuropsychiatric Symptoms In Patients With Alzheimer Disease

Vasopressin V1a and V1b Receptors: From Molecules to Physiological Systems

β1‐adrenergic receptor activation enhances memory in Alzheimer's disease model

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