Hypothalamic obesity in the weanling rat: Effect of diet upon hormonal and metabolic alterations

Frohman, Lawrence A.; Goldman, Jack K.; Schnatz, J. David; Bernardis, Lee L.

doi:10.1016/0026-0495(71)90125-9

Cited by 37 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Liponeogenesis is normally suppressed by dietary fat. However, this mechanism seems to be relatively insensitive in VMH-lesioned rats (17). A maintenance of the high rate of liponeogenesis may be the reason why even more amino acids are catabolized when total caloric intake is elevated by substitution of dietary carbohydrates with fat.…”

Section: Vomentioning

confidence: 99%

Protein Metabolism in Rats with Ventromedial Hypothalamic Lesions: Dietary Effects on Nitrogen Retention

Holm¹,

Hustvedt²,

Lövö³

1975

Ann Nutr Metab

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The protein metabolism of rats bearing bilateral lesions in the ventromedial area of hypothalamus (VMH) was studied in nitrogen balance experiments employing high protein and high fat diets. The catabolic effect of VMH destruction was to a great extent counterbalanced by increased protein intake. This indicates that increased amino acid catabolism, rather than impaired mechanisms for protein synthesis, is responsible for the poor nitrogen retention of VMH-lesioned rats fed normal amounts of protein. A trend of increasing nitrogen excretion with increasing dietary fat was found when the caloric intake of VMH-lesioned animals was elevated by substitution of dietary carbohydrates with fat. Persistent liponeogenesis in spite of the high fat intake, is suggested as a possible explanation for this observation.

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Section: Vomentioning

confidence: 99%

Protein Metabolism in Rats with Ventromedial Hypothalamic Lesions: Dietary Effects on Nitrogen Retention

Holm¹,

Hustvedt²,

Lövö³

1975

Ann Nutr Metab

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“…When administering GH to growing animals, studies should not be limited to absolute body weight, but should also consider linear growth. Body development during treatment was therefore assessed by calculating the obesity index of Lee [15], which correlates with body composition [16,17]. As a key molecule in thermogenesis, levels of UCP gene expressions in BAT were determined.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth Hormone Administration Controls Body Composition Associated with Changes of Thermogenesis in Obese KK-Ay Mice~!2009-08-29~!2010-01-12~!2010-03-26~!

Hioki¹,

Yoshida²,

Kogure³

et al. 2010

TOEJ

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Abstract:We investigate the effects of continuous human growth hormone (GH) therapy in young obese mice on thermogenesis. Female KK-A y obese mice (n=10) were injected subcutaneously with GH (3.5 mg/kg/day) for 30 days from 42 days old. As a control, physiological saline was administered (n=10). At the terminal point (71 days old), GH administration affected linear growth, and the Lee obesity index (3 square root body weight/nasoanal length 1000) was significantly decreased. Rates of inguinal and perimetric white adipose pads per body weight also decreased. Free fatty acid levels decreased, while plasma insulin concentrations and homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance were increased (P<0.01). Plasma insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1) levels markedly rose (P<0.00001). Uncoupling protein1 (UCP1) and UCP3 mRNA expressions in brown adipose tissue were inhibited (P<0.05). Continuous GH therapy changed obese body composition toward lean, however, the consequence could be the negative regulation of thermogenesis.

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“…One possible change with adrenaline stimulation is an increased oxidation of FFA in the VMN tissue compared to control. While no data are presently available to that effect, the oxidation of long-chained fatty acids was found to be increased in adipose tissue from starved VMN rats even though it is decreased in the tissue from fed counterparts [7], A second possibility is greater esterification in VMN compared to control tissue during adrenaline stimulation. This is supported by the findings that incorporation of palmitate-14C into lipids is greater in VMN than control tissue although the data are available only for basal states [8], Calculation of esterification based on the assumption that 3 molecules of fatty acids have been liberated for each molecule of free glycerol present [19] may not apply in this situation since glycerol has been shown to be incorporated into adipose tissue lipids of these animals during in vitro incubation in contrast to the generally held concept that glycerol is not utilized in this manner [4,20].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Fat Mobilization in Adipose Tissue of Weanling Rats with Hypothalamic Obesity

Kasemsri¹,

Bernardis²,

Schnatz³

1972

Horm Res Paediatr

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In vitro lipolysis (glycerol release), hormone-sensitive lipolytic activity and free fatty acid (FFA) release as well as the response of these parameters to adrenaline, were studied inadipose tissue of obese weanling rats with electrolytic lesions in the hypothalamic ventromedial nuclei (VMN). In the absence of adrenaline, adipose tissue from weanling VMN rats showed neither depressed lipolysis nor diminished lipolytic activity per mg of tissue protein, and esterification appeared to be equal to lipolysis since there was no FFA release. Adrenaline augmented lipolysis and hormone-sensitive lipolytic activity to the same extent in VMN as in control tissue, but produced an overall release of FFA which was significantly less in VMN than control. The lesser FFA release in the VMN tissue compared to control may be a result of greater utilization of FFA, by oxidation or for esterification, by that tissue when stimulated by adrenaline.

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Hypothalamic obesity in the weanling rat: Effect of diet upon hormonal and metabolic alterations

Cited by 37 publications

References 17 publications

Protein Metabolism in Rats with Ventromedial Hypothalamic Lesions: Dietary Effects on Nitrogen Retention

Protein Metabolism in Rats with Ventromedial Hypothalamic Lesions: Dietary Effects on Nitrogen Retention

Growth Hormone Administration Controls Body Composition Associated with Changes of Thermogenesis in Obese KK-Ay Mice~!2009-08-29~!2010-01-12~!2010-03-26~!

Fat Mobilization in Adipose Tissue of Weanling Rats with Hypothalamic Obesity

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