Hypothalamic Ion Channels in Hypertension

Geraldes, Vera; Laranjo, Sérgio; Rocha, Isabel

doi:10.1007/s11906-018-0814-x

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 96 publications

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“…Hypothalamus plays a critical role in modulating the neuroendocrine system and thus it is essential for the internal homeostasis of body temperature, blood pressure, water intake, and control over the circadian rhythm ( Cooper, 1966 ; Geraldes et al, 2018 ). Previous single-cell RNA sequencing investigations suggested that principal hypothalamic neuronal types include both glutamatergic and GABAergic neurons and a small number of histaminergic neurons related to modulating circadian rhythm ( Chen et al, 2017 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive Spatial Profile of the Orphan G Protein Coupled Receptor GPRC5B Expression in Mouse Brain

Franchini

Orlandi

2022

Front. Neurosci.

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Orphan G Protein Coupled Receptors (GPCRs) are GPCRs whose endogenous ligands are unknown or still debated. Due to the lack of pharmacological modulators, the physiological function of orphan GPCRs is understudied. However, relevant physiological roles associated with orphan GPCRs have been revealed by analysis of animal models and genome wide association studies illuminating an untapped potential for drug discovery. G Protein Coupled Receptor class C Group 5 Member B (GPRC5B) is among the most expressed GPCRs in the central nervous system. Thus, the expression profiling of GPRC5B is an essential step toward understanding GPRC5B function in health and disease. In this study, we generated new GPRC5B polyclonal antibodies and investigated the expression levels of GPRC5B across different organs and brain regions. We identified high levels of GPRC5B glycosylation both in transfected cells and in mouse brain. Moreover, in situ hybridization imaging analysis indicated that Gprc5b was expressed at the highest level in olfactory bulb, hippocampus, cerebellum, and pons. To dissect expression within various neuronal populations, we conducted a comprehensive spatial profiling of Gprc5b across excitatory and inhibitory neuronal types in medial prefrontal cortex, motor cortex, hippocampal regions, hypothalamus, and cerebellum. Overall, we discovered that GABAergic neurons displayed higher Gprc5b expression levels than glutamatergic neurons in most of the analyzed regions with the important exception of the hippocampal dentate gyrus. Overall, the expression analysis of GPRC5B in mouse brain will guide functional studies ultimately positioning GPRC5B in pathophysiological mechanisms and drug discovery.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive Spatial Profile of the Orphan G Protein Coupled Receptor GPRC5B Expression in Mouse Brain

Franchini

Orlandi

2022

Front. Neurosci.

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“…Among the core functional pathways, the first one is the classic ACE-Ang II-AT 1 R axis, whose activation contributes to elevated blood pressure and vascular dysfunction [ 25 ], and the second one is the nonclassical ACE II-Ang-(1-7))-MasR axis, which helps lower blood pressure and inhibit vasoconstriction [ 26 ]. The hypothalamus is considered to be the blood-pressure-regulating center [ 27 , 28 ]. In the present study, the increased expression of ACE and AT 1 R in the hypothalamus of male rats might be partially responsible for the elevated blood pressure in the CEF + HFD group.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut Microbiota Perturbation in Early Life Could Influence Pediatric Blood Pressure Regulation in a Sex-Dependent Manner in Juvenile Rats

Yang

Zhou

et al. 2023

Nutrients

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The present study aimed to investigate whether gut dysbiosis induced by ceftriaxone in early life could influence pediatric blood pressure regulation in childhood with or without exposure to a high-fat diet (HFD). Sixty-three newborn pups of Sprague-Dawley rats were administered ceftriaxone sodium or saline solution until weaning at 3 weeks, and the rats were fed a HFD or regular diet from 3 to 6 weeks. Tail-cuff blood pressure, the expression levels of genes of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS), the concentrations of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α in the colon and prefrontal cortex, and the composition of fecal microbiota were analyzed. Ceftriaxone treatment significantly increased the diastolic blood pressure of male rats at 3 weeks. At 6 weeks, systolic blood pressure (SBP) was significantly increased only in ceftriaxone treated male rats fed with HFD. The RAS showed increased activation in the kidney, heart, hypothalamus, and thoracic and abdominal aorta of male rats, but only in the kidney, heart, and hypothalamus of female rats. HFD-fed female rats showed a decreased level of IL-6 in the colon. α diversity of gut microbiota decreased and the Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes ratio increased in both male and female rats at 3 weeks; however, these parameters recovered to various degrees in female rats at 6 weeks. These results revealed that early-life gut dysbiosis induced by antibiotics combined with a HFD in childhood could be involved in pediatric blood pressure regulation and an increase in SBP in juvenile rats, and these effects occurred in a sex-dependent manner.

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“…The results needed to be further proved by cohort study. Second, due to the lack of relevant information, this study had not adjusted confounding factors including dietary pattern [ 38 ] or intake of sodium [ 39 ] and potassium [ 40 ]. Third, Using BIA as the principle to estimate body fat, the estimation error could not be eliminated and it would vary with the change of body fat level.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of bioelectrical body and visceral fat indices with anthropometric measures and optimal cutoffs in relation to hypertension by age and gender among Chinese adults

Zhang

Fan

Wang

et al. 2021

BMC Cardiovasc Disord

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Background Few studies have compared bioelectrical body and visceral fat indices with anthropometric measures, or evaluated their optimal cutoffs in relation to hypertension among Asians. We compared the efficiencies of bioelectrical indices (percentage of body fat, PBF; visceral fat area, VFA) with anthropometric measures (body mass index, BMI; waist-hip ratio, WHR) for hypertension and re-evaluated the optimal cutoffs of each index by age and gender. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional survey among 8234 adults for health examination. PBF, VFA, BMI, WHR, and data on hypertension and behaviors were collected. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and areas under curves (AUCs) were used to analyze the efficiencies of the indices for hypertension, optimal cutoffs were estimated using the Youden index. Results A total of 8234 individuals aged 21–91 with median age 44 (interquartile range [IQR] 33–56) years were included and 40.56% were men. The overall prevalence of hypertension was 27.47%. The studied indices were all associated with hypertension in all age-specific groups both among men and women except for WHR in 21–29 years old men and PBF in in 21–29 years old women. Among males, there were no statistical differences in powers of four indices for hypertension in all age-specific groups, except for 40–49 years, in which WHR was better than VFA. Among females, no differences were found among the indices in 30–39 and 70–79 years groups, while WHR was the best in 21–29 years group, VFA was better than PBF in 30–39 and 50–59 years groups, BMI was better than PBF and WHR in 60–69 years group. The optimal cutoffs of PBF, VFA, BMI and WHR ranged from 23.9 to 28.7%, 86.4 to 106.9cm2, 23.5 to 27.1 kg/m2, 0.92 to 0.96 across the age categories in males, and 32.8 to 36.3%, 75.9 to 130.9cm2, 21.9 to 26.4 kg/m2, 0.84 to 0.95 across the age categories in females, respectively. Conclusions The obesity indices’ efficiencies for hypertension varied by age and gender, and their cutoff values varied across the age categories and gender. Specific indices and cutoffs based on person’s age and gender should be used to identify individuals with hypertension.

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Hypothalamic Ion Channels in Hypertension

Cited by 7 publications

References 96 publications

Comprehensive Spatial Profile of the Orphan G Protein Coupled Receptor GPRC5B Expression in Mouse Brain

Comprehensive Spatial Profile of the Orphan G Protein Coupled Receptor GPRC5B Expression in Mouse Brain

Gut Microbiota Perturbation in Early Life Could Influence Pediatric Blood Pressure Regulation in a Sex-Dependent Manner in Juvenile Rats

Comparison of bioelectrical body and visceral fat indices with anthropometric measures and optimal cutoffs in relation to hypertension by age and gender among Chinese adults

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