Hypotensive effects of melatonin in rats: Focus on the model, measurement, application, and main mechanisms

Cvikova, Diana; Šutovska, Hana; Babarikova, Katarina; Molčan, Ľuboš

doi:10.1038/s41440-022-01031-x

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 134 publications

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“…The available data indicate that the melatoninergic system may interact with the RAAS: (1) Angiotensin II and melatonin seem to have opposite roles in cardiovascular pathophysiology. While Ang II increases BP and pathologic remodeling of a hypertensive and failing heart [188], melatonin has been shown to reduce BP in hypertensive patients [111,174,189,190] and in a number of animal models of hypertension [101,112,173,191,192] and to exert antifibrotic effects in hypertensive [101,[193][194][195][196][197] and failing heart [198] and in kidney [52,199], similar to the ACE inhibitor captopril [52,[193][194][195][196]199].…”

Section: Potential Interference Of Melatonin With the Renin-angiotens...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Melatonin as a Potential Approach to Anxiety Treatment

Repova

Baka

Krajcirovicova

et al. 2022

IJMS

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Anxiety disorders are the most common mental diseases. Anxiety and the associated physical symptoms may disturb social and occupational life and increase the risk of somatic diseases. The pathophysiology of anxiety development is complex and involves alterations in stress hormone production, neurosignaling pathways or free radical production. The various manifestations of anxiety, its complex pathophysiological background and the side effects of available treatments underlie the quest for constantly seeking therapies for these conditions. Melatonin, an indolamine produced in the pineal gland and released into the blood on a nightly basis, has been demonstrated to exert anxiolytic action in animal experiments and different clinical conditions. This hormone influences a number of physiological actions either via specific melatonin receptors or by receptor-independent pleiotropic effects. The underlying pathomechanism of melatonin’s benefit in anxiety may reside in its sympatholytic action, interaction with the renin–angiotensin and glucocorticoid systems, modulation of interneuronal signaling and its extraordinary antioxidant and radical scavenging nature. Of importance, the concentration of this indolamine is significantly higher in cerebrospinal fluid than in the blood. Thus, ensuring sufficient melatonin production by reducing light pollution, which suppresses melatonin levels, may represent an endogenous neuroprotective and anxiolytic treatment. Since melatonin is freely available, economically undemanding and has limited side effects, it may be considered an additional or alternative treatment for various conditions associated with anxiety.

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Section: Potential Interference Of Melatonin With the Renin-angiotens...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Melatonin as a Potential Approach to Anxiety Treatment

Repova

Baka

Krajcirovicova

et al. 2022

IJMS

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“…For example, in the case of European perch, under laboratory conditions, already 1 lx during the dark phase significantly reduced the secretion of melatonin [ 9 ], in contrast to an experiment in the natural environment, when one month of 15 lx ALAN did not change the melatonin levels in perch [ 10 ]. ALAN generally decreases melatonin in both diurnal and nocturnal animals; therefore, its involvement in cardiovascular regulation is questionable (reviewed in: [ 15 ]).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Artificial light at night suppresses the day-night cardiovascular variability: evidence from humans and rats

Molcan,

Babarikova,

Cvikova

et al. 2024

Pflugers Arch - Eur J Physiol

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Artificial light at night (ALAN) affects most of the population. Through the retinohypothalamic tract, ALAN modulates the activity of the central circadian oscillator and, consequently, various physiological systems, including the cardiovascular one. We summarised the current knowledge about the effects of ALAN on the cardiovascular system in diurnal and nocturnal animals. Based on published data, ALAN reduces the day-night variability of the blood pressure and heart rate in diurnal and nocturnal animals by increasing the nocturnal values of cardiovascular variables in diurnal animals and decreasing them in nocturnal animals. The effects of ALAN on the cardiovascular system are mainly transmitted through the autonomic nervous system. ALAN is also considered a stress-inducing factor, as glucocorticoid and glucose level changes indicate. Moreover, in nocturnal rats, ALAN increases the pressure response to load. In addition, ALAN induces molecular changes in the heart and blood vessels. Changes in the cardiovascular system significantly depend on the duration of ALAN exposure. To some extent, alterations in physical activity can explain the changes observed in the cardiovascular system after ALAN exposure. Although ALAN acts differently on nocturnal and diurnal animals, we can conclude that both exhibit a weakened circadian coordination among physiological systems, which increases the risk of future cardiovascular complications and reduces the ability to anticipate stress.

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“…Melatonin is a potent antioxidant [ 35 ] and anti-inflammatory factor [ 36 ]. It also has an impact on energy metabolism [ 37 ] and on the cardiovascular system [ 38 ].…”

Section: Introduction—sepsis and Sepsis-associated Encephalopathymentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential Neuroprotective Role of Melatonin in Sepsis-Associated Encephalopathy Due to Its Scavenging and Anti-Oxidative Properties

Sieminski,

Szaruta-Raflesz,

Szypenbejl

et al. 2023

Antioxidants

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Sepsis is defined as life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host response to infection. The brain is one of the organs involved in sepsis, and sepsis-induced brain injury manifests as sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE). SAE may be present in up to 70% of septic patients. SAE has a very wide spectrum of clinical symptoms, ranging from mild behavioral changes through cognitive disorders to disorders of consciousness and coma. The presence of SAE increases mortality in the population of septic patients and may lead to chronic cognitive dysfunction in sepsis survivors. Therefore, therapeutic interventions with neuroprotective effects in sepsis are needed. Melatonin, a neurohormone responsible for the control of circadian rhythms, exerts many beneficial physiological effects. Its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties are well described. It is considered a potential therapeutic factor in sepsis, with positive results from studies on animal models and with encouraging results from the first human clinical trials. With its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential, it may also exert a neuroprotective effect in sepsis-associated encephalopathy. The review presents data on melatonin as a potential drug in SAE in the wider context of the pathophysiology of SAE and the specific actions of the pineal neurohormone.

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Hypotensive effects of melatonin in rats: Focus on the model, measurement, application, and main mechanisms

Cited by 4 publications

References 134 publications

Melatonin as a Potential Approach to Anxiety Treatment

Melatonin as a Potential Approach to Anxiety Treatment

Artificial light at night suppresses the day-night cardiovascular variability: evidence from humans and rats

Potential Neuroprotective Role of Melatonin in Sepsis-Associated Encephalopathy Due to Its Scavenging and Anti-Oxidative Properties

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