Hypotension and Environmental Noise: A Replication Study

Abstract

Up to now, traffic noise effect studies focused on hypertension as health outcome. Hypotension has not been considered as a potential health outcome although in experiments some people also responded to noise with decreases of blood pressure. Currently, the characteristics of these persons are not known and whether this down regulation of blood pressure is an experimental artifact, selection, or can also be observed in population studies is unanswered. In a cross-sectional replication study, we randomly sampled participants (age 20–75, N = 807) from circular areas (radius = 500 m) around 31 noise measurement sites from four noise exposure strata (35–44, 45–54, 55–64, >64 Leq, dBA). Repeated blood pressure measurements were available for a smaller sample (N = 570). Standardized information on socio-demographics, housing, life style and health was obtained by door to door visits including anthropometric measurements. Noise and air pollution exposure was assigned by GIS based on both calculation and measurements. Reported hypotension or hypotension medication past year was the main outcome studied. Exposure-effect relationships were modeled with multiple non-linear logistic regression techniques using separate noise estimations for total, highway and rail exposure. Reported hypotension was significantly associated with rail and total noise exposure and strongly modified by weather sensitivity. Reported hypotension medication showed associations of similar size with rail and total noise exposure without effect modification by weather sensitivity. The size of the associations in the smaller sample with BMI as additional covariate was similar. Other important cofactors (sex, age, BMI, health) and moderators (weather sensitivity, adjacent main roads and associated annoyance) need to be considered as indispensible part of the observed relationship. This study confirms a potential new noise effect pathway and discusses potential patho-physiological routes of actions.

Effects of environmental noise exposure on DNA methylation in the brain and metabolic health

“…However, the effect of noise exposure upon blood pressure is still inconclusive as both hypertension and hypotension has been reported (de Souza et al, 2015;Lercher and Widmann, 2013;Lercher et al, 2014). This inconsistency may be the product of limitations in adjustment for confounders such as air pollution exposure, which is a key risk factor for increased blood pressure.…”

Associations of residential greenness, traffic noise, and air pollution with birth outcomes across Alpine areas

“…Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) served as a proxy for annual average traffic-related air pollution in 1995 and was calculated at a resolution of 100 m x 100 m using an adapted Gaussian propagation model procedure considering the meteorological and topographic specifics of the study area. Results were calibrated against measurements and corrected where needed (Thudium et al, 2000;Wotawa et al, 2000;Lercher et al, 2014).…”

ICBEN review of research on the biological effects of noise 2011-2014

“…Some “new” outcomes were studied for the potential long-term health effects of traffic noise. They included diabetes,[ 69 ] breast cancer,[ 95 ] hypotension,[ 119 130 ] and Alzheimer's disease. [ 120 ] The hypothesized mechanism for the development of these effects include insufficient sleep, but further research is needed to investigate these relationships, and to confirm the hypothesized causation.…”