Hypophysitis in surgical and autoptical specimens

Sautner, Doris; Saeger, Wolfgang; L�decke, Dieter K.; Jansen, Viola; Puchner, M. J. A.

doi:10.1007/s004010050380

Cited by 20 publications

(30 citation statements)

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“…Literature review suggests that the epidemiology is difficult to calculate, but estimates for autoimmune hypophysitis range from 0.24 to 0.88 % of pituitary surgery cases [1,6,19,[27][28][29]. Given that we report 16 cases of LH between 1997 and 2014, during which time our center performed nearly 3,000 pituitary surgeries, we extrapolate our prevalence to be even lower.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Hypophysitis: a single-center case series

et al. 2014

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Hypophysitis: a single-center case series

et al. 2014

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“…GH and XH are extremely rare disorders with an annual incidence of 1 in 10 millions or less [17]. There are similarities in clinical and imaging findings with the most common LH, and hence the final diagnosis can be established only histologically.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Azathioprine as an alternative treatment in primary hypophysitis

et al. 2010

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Primary hypophysitis (PH) is an unusual disorder characterized by inflammatory infiltration of the pituitary gland with various degree of pituitary dysfunction. Glucocorticoids are the treatment of choice in the majority of patients. Still, in patients with poor response in glucocorticoids or when their administration is accompanied with serious side effects, the use of alternative agents should be considered; up to now, data on other therapeutic approaches remains scant mainly due to the rarity of the disease. Among them, the immunosuppressant azathioprine could represent an effective and safe alternative. In this article, we present our clinical experience of two cases with PH successfully treated with azathioprine following serious side effects after initial treatment with glucocorticoids and provide a brief review of the existing literature.

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“…The presentation of lymphocytic hypophysitis is commonly with hypopituitarism, the effects of an expanding pituitary mass (appearing as a solid mass on pituitary imaging), hyperprolactinaemia and less frequently posterior pituitary disturbance. Granulomatous hypophysitis, is rare and comprises less than 1% of all pituitary disorders with an incidence of 1 in 10 million per annum [2,6]. It affects both sexes equally with a peak incidence in the second decade of life for women and fifth decade for men.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…MRI features of intracranial WG have been described in some detail and can be useful diagnostically especially when there is continuity of the lesion with orbital, nasal or paranasal sinuses [6,23].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fatal inflammatory hypophysitis

McIntyre

Perros

2007

Pituitary

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A young female patient presented as an acute medical emergency with hypoglycaemia. Investigations revealed panhypopituitarism and an inflammatory pituitary mass. An antibody screen was negative for anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies with cytoplasmic distribution (cANCA). Pituitary histology showed lymphocytic infiltration and a few Langerhan's cells. The pituitary mass rapidly expanded to involve the optic nerves and led to bilateral blindness. Later, the patient developed diarrhoea, a vasculitis rash, scleritis, and proteinuria. In subsequent investigations cANCA became positive. The patient responded to steroids and cyclophosphamide treatment and remained in partial remission for six months before dying of severe sepsis. This is the first description of Wegener's granulomatosis presenting with acute anterior pituitary failure in the absence of other organ involvement and negative serology.

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Hypophysitis in surgical and autoptical specimens

Cited by 20 publications

References 0 publications

Hypophysitis: a single-center case series

Hypophysitis: a single-center case series

Azathioprine as an alternative treatment in primary hypophysitis

Fatal inflammatory hypophysitis

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