Hypophysectomy and Neurointermediate Pituitary Lobectomy Reduce Serum Immunoglobulin M (IgM) and IgG and Intestinal IgA Responses to<i>Salmonella enterica</i>Serovar Typhimurium Infection in Rats

Campos-Rodrı́guez, Rafael; Quintanar‐Stephano, Andrés; Jarillo-Luna, Rosa Adriana; Oliver-Aguillón, Gabriela; Ventura‐Juárez, Javier; Rivera-Aguilar, Víctor; Berczi, István; Kovács, Kálmán

doi:10.1128/iai.74.3.1883-1889.2006

Cited by 27 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…The present results are consistent with our previous findings in NIL animals where low levels of AVP induced decreased humoral and cell-mediated immune responses [34][35][36] , including decreased susceptibility of the NIL animals to EAE [37] . In this last study [37] , we hypothesized that the mild increase in CORT blood levels during EAE could be responsible for the decreased immune response.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

“…Results from our laboratory reinforce the regulatory effect of AVP on both humoral and cell-mediated immune responses. Rats that had undergone neurointermediate pituitary lobectomy (NIL) had low AVP serum levels, polyuria, polydipsia and decreased humoral and cell-mediated immune responses, as well as low agglutinin titers against sheep red blood cells [34] , diminished IgG, IgM and IgA titers against Salmonella typhimurium [35] , a reduced response to T-independent and T-dependent antigens [36] , decreased cellmediated immunity to dinitrochlorobenzene [34] and milder clinical symptoms and histological signs of EAE [37] . In order to obtain a deeper insight into the role of AVP in immune regulation, in the present work we investigated whether DP, a synthetic analog of AVP, affects the development of EAE in sham-operated (SHAM) and NIL animals.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Effects of Neurointermediate Pituitary Lobectomy and Desmopressin on Acute Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis in Lewis Rats

Quintanar‐Stephano

Organista-Esparza

Chavira-Ramírez

et al. 2012

Neuroimmunomodulation

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Objective: The role of arginine vasopressin (AVP) as a direct immune regulator has not yet been clarified, and more work is needed to assess its involvement in the immunoneuroendocrine network. In the present study, the effects of neurointermediate pituitary lobectomy (NIL) and desmopressin (DP), an agonist of AVP, on acute experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) in female Lewis rats were evaluated. The activity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) axis was also assessed. Methods: Five groups of rats were used, as follows: (1) sham-operated (SHAM) rats, (2) SHAM + DP rats, (3) NIL rats, (4) NIL + DP rats and (5) untreated normal control rats. DP treatment started 2 weeks after surgery, and immunization to induce EAE was carried out 1 week later. Results: SHAM rats developed full-blown clinical and histological signs of EAE and activation of the HPA axis. SHAM + DP animals had mild clinical signs of EAE, inflammatory infiltrations in the spinal cord and an activated HPA axis. NIL animals developed minimal EAE, scanty spinal cord inflammation and no changes in HPA axis activity. NIL + DP rats developed severe clinical signs of EAE, extensive spinal cord inflammatory infiltrations and marked activation of the HPA axis. Conclusions: NIL decreased the cell-mediated immune response, while DP in NIL animals restored the immune response. AVP is directly involved in the maintenance of immune competence.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

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confidence: 99%

Effects of Neurointermediate Pituitary Lobectomy and Desmopressin on Acute Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis in Lewis Rats

Quintanar‐Stephano

Organista-Esparza

Chavira-Ramírez

et al. 2012

Neuroimmunomodulation

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“…In recent years, more evidence has indicated that OT may play a role in regulation of the gastrointestinal (GI) functions such as motility, sensation (13,18), and immune response to inflammation (4,10). Exogenous OT influences the GI motility, although the reports are diverse because of the differences of species, methods, and area of the gut (18,24).…”

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Estradiol upregulates the expression of oxytocin receptor in colon in rats

Feng

Qin²,

Wang³

et al. 2009

American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism

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The study was designed to investigate the effect of estradiol on the excitatory effect of oxytocin (OT) on colon motility. Female Wistar rats were used, and some of them were ovariectomized (OVX) and treated with vehicle or estradiol (E2). A plastic balloon made of condom was inserted into colon to monitor the change of colonic pressure in vivo. Longitudinal muscle strips of distal colon were prepared to monitor the spontaneous contraction of colon in vitro. Expression of OT receptor (OTR) was investigated by Western blot analysis. Expression of OTR mRNA was detected by RT-PCR. Immunohistochemistry was used to locate OTR. In OVX rats, pretreatment of E2 (4 -100 g/kg sc) dose-dependently increased the excitatory effect of OT on colon motility both in vivo and in vitro and increased the expression of OTR and OTR mRNA in colon. Systemic administration of OT excited the colon motility in vivo in rats at perioda of proestrus and estrus but did not influence it at diestrus period, when the concentration of plasma E2 was lowest in the estrous cycle. Pretreatment of atosiban, the specific OTR antagonist, and TTX, the blocker of voltage-dependent sodium channel on nerve fiber, attenuated the excitatory effect of OT on colon motility. OTR was located in myenteric plexus of colon. These results suggested that E2 increased the excitatory effect of OT on colon motility by upregulating the expression of OTR in myenteric plexus.colon; motility OXYTOCIN (OT) has been traditionally regarded as a hormone that is involved in parturition and milk ejection. In recent years, more evidence has indicated that OT may play a role in regulation of the gastrointestinal (GI) functions such as motility, sensation (13, 18), and immune response to inflammation (4, 10). Exogenous OT influences the GI motility, although the reports are diverse because of the differences of species, methods, and area of the gut (18, 24). It has been suggested that the effect of OT on GI motility might be physiological. OT is released in response to a fatty meal in women (16). Systemic administration of atosiban, the antagonist of OT receptor (OTR), inhibited the spontaneous contraction of gallbladder in rabbits (12) and gastric emptying in humans (16). It has been well established that mRNA for OT and its receptor can be found throughout the human GI tract (15), but the cell types that express OTR were undetectable in human gut by indirect immunofluorescence (19).In women, colonic dysmotility is very common, and bowel function changes during the reproductive cycle. Although the fluctuation of steroid hormones, especially estradiol (E 2 ) and progesterone, were believed to be the major reason, the mechanism has not been clearly illustrated. Steroid hormones regulate the activity of OTR via both genomic and nongenomic pathways (26). E 2 induced the mRNA expression of the OTR and increased the OTR density on the membranes of the uterine smooth muscle and central nervous system (8, 21). The recent study of our group also indicated that the pretreatment of E 2 increas...

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“…2), and was also lower in the HYPOX than NIL rats (P <0.001)(Campos-Rodriguez, Quintanar-Stephano et al 2006).The fact that HYPOX induced a more marked decrease in the humoral immune responses to outer membrane proteins of Salmonella typhimurium than NIL suggests that the hormones melanocyte stimulating hormone (MSH), AVP, and oxytocin from the neurointermediate pituitary lobe may affect adaptive immune responses. The direct antiinflammatory effects of MSH on immunocytes have been described previously (Catania and Lipton 1993;Blalock 1999;Luger, Scholzen et al 2003;Taylor 2003 Finally, intestinal elimination of Salmonella typhimurium HYPOX and NIL rats was similar to that seen in sham-operated animals.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…The central nervous system (CNS) signals the immune system via hormonal and neural pathways, and the immune system signals the CNS through various cytokines. Whereas most information regarding these interactions is related to functions of the systemic immune response Chrousos 1995;Madden and Felten 1995;Elenkov, Wilder et al 2000;Webster, Tonelli et al 2002;Berczi and Szentivanyi 2003), much less is known about the interactions between the hypothalamus, the pituitary, and local gastrointestinal immune reactions Ottaway 1991;Bienenstock 1992;Chrousos 1995;Madden and Felten 1995;Elenkov, Wilder et al 2000;Webster, Tonelli et al 2002;Berczi and Szentivanyi 2003;Campos-Rodriguez, Quintanar-Stephano et al 2006). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%