Hypopharyngeal Cancer: Epidemiological, Clinical and Paraclinical Aspects at the University Hospital Center (CHU) Gabriel Toure in Bamako

Abstract

Introduction: Hypopharyngeal cancers are ubiquitous cancers. These are very lymphophilic cancers; cervical lymph node metastases are present in 60% to 80% of patients at the time of diagnosis. Alcohol and tobacco have been implicated in their genesis. Objective: To study the epidemiological, clinical and paraclinical aspects of hypopharyngeal cancer in the ENT department of the CHU Gabriel Toure. Patients and Methods: It is a retrospective and prospective quantitative study covering a period of 4 years from June 2014 to July 2018; all patients who presented with hypopharyngeal cancer were included. Results: Thirty-five (35) patients were collected during the study period. The mean age of the patients was 44 ± 14 years with extremes of 16 and 78 years. The sex ratio was 0.47. Dysphagia was the reason for consultation at 100%. The average consultation time was 14 months, with extremes of 3 to 26 months. Smoking intoxication was found in 13 patients. The piriform sinus was interested in 52%. More than half of the patients were received at the advanced stage (T3-T4). The histology was dominated by the well-differentiated epidermal carcinoma (91%). Conclusion: Hypopharyngeal cancer is common and occurs at all ages. T3-T4 tumors are bad factors, hence early diagnosis and appropriate management are important for improving the prognosis.