Hypometabolic induced state: a potential tool in biomedicine and space exploration

Malatesta, Manuela; Biggiogera, Marco; Zancanaro, Carlo

doi:10.1007/978-1-4020-6285-8_26

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Two studies have found that haptoglobin is higher in hibernating than non-hibenating black [ 11 ] and brown bears [ 12 ]. Another large plasma protein, α 2 -macroglobulin, increases clotting time [ 8 , 9 ] and levels of serum α 2 -macroglobulin were found to be significantly higher during hibernation compared to the active state of brown bears [ 12 ] and black bears [ 16 ], indicating anticoagulation during hibernation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Information on the coagulation system in bears is scarce. Previous studies have studied haptoglobin and α 2 -macroglobulin and found both parameters to rise in brown and black bears (Ursus americanus) during hibernation as compared to the active state [ 8 , 9 , 11 , 12 ]. We believe that the hibernating brown bear can act as a biological model for insight into the mechanisms of cardiovascular disease in humans.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Platelet function in brown bear (Ursus arctos) compared to man

et al. 2010

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BackgroundInformation on hemostasis and platelet function in brown bear (Ursus arctos) is of importance for understanding the physiological, protective changes during hibernation.ObjectiveThe study objective was to document platelet activity values in brown bears shortly after leaving the den and compare them to platelet function in healthy humans.MethodsBlood was drawn from immobilized wild brown bears 7-10 days after leaving the den in mid April. Blood samples from healthy human adults before and after clopidogrel and acetylsalicylic acid administration served as control. We analyzed blood samples by standard blood testing and platelet aggregation was quantified after stimulation with various agonists using multiple electrode aggregometry within 3 hours of sampling.ResultsBlood samples were collected from 6 bears (3 females) between 1 and 16 years old and from 10 healthy humans. Results of adenosine diphosphate, aspirin, and thrombin receptor activating peptide tests in bears were all half or less of those in humans. Platelet and white blood cell counts did not differ between species but brown bears had more and smaller red blood cells compared with humans.ConclusionUsing three different tests, we conclude that platelet function is lower in brown bears compared to humans. Our findings represent the first descriptive study on platelet function in brown bears and may contribute to explain how bears can endure denning without obvious thrombus building. However, the possibility that our findings reflect test-dependent and not true biological variations in platelet reactivity needs further studies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Platelet function in brown bear (Ursus arctos) compared to man

et al. 2010

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“…OPIOIDS D-Ala(2)-D-Leu(5)-enkephalin (DADLE) is a synthetic hypometabolizing opioid (Oeltgen et al, 1988) of potential biomedical interest (Malatesta et al, 2007). In fact, DADLE is able to significantly prolong the preservation of explanted organs (Oeltgen et al, 1996;Bolling et al, 1997;Su, 2000;Inuo et al, 2007;Tisherman et al, 2013), to improve cardioprotection (Romano et al, 2004;Yao et al, 2007;Forster et al, 2007; and neuroprotection (Borlongan et al, 2004;Su et al, 2007;Wang et al, 2011;Arrich et al, 2012) under ischemic conditions, and to act as anti-tumour agent (Fichna and Janecka, 2004;Debruyne et al, 2010;Tsai et al, 2010).…”

Section: Chitosan Nanoparticles For the Delivery Of Hypometabolizingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monitoring the Uptake and Intracellular Fate of Nanovectors by Microscopical Techniques

2017

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Nanovectors are receiving great attention for their potential in therapeutic and diagnostic applications as innovative systems for drug delivery and medical imaging. Their unique features allow them to pass through the biological barriers, to accumulate at the target sites, to protect the loaded drugs from enzymatic degradation and to modulate their release. To design effective and safe administration procedures of nanovectors it is obviously mandatory to assess their possible cytotoxicity, but it is also essential to elucidate the uptake mechanism(s), the intracellular trafficking pathway, the interactions with cell organelles and the intracellular persistence of nanovectors, paying particular attention to their degradation routes. Microscopy is especially suitable to describe the interaction of nanocarriers with the cell surface and their intracellular fate following internalization. Fluorochrome-labelled nanoparticles may be observed by conventional and confocal fluorescence microscopy, while the higher resolution of transmission electron microscopy allows to reveal the specific relationships of nanocomposites with the subcellular constituents. This work summarizes some studies performed by different microscopical techniques to evaluate the properties of nanoparticles intended for therapeutic and diagnostic purposes.

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Hypometabolic induced state: a potential tool in biomedicine and space exploration

Cited by 2 publications

References 96 publications

Platelet function in brown bear (Ursus arctos) compared to man

Platelet function in brown bear (Ursus arctos) compared to man

Monitoring the Uptake and Intracellular Fate of Nanovectors by Microscopical Techniques

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