Hypomagnesemia in a department of internal medicine

Abstract

Background: Hypomagnesemia is frequently encountered in hospitalized patients. The aim of this study was to determine the underlying causes of hypomagnesemia as well as the clinical and biochemical characteristics, and concomitant electrolyte and acid-base abnormalities in patients with decreased serum magnesium (Mg 2+) levels in an internal medicine clinic. Methods: We prospectively studied adult patients who, either on admission to our clinic or during their hospitalization, were found to have hypomagnesemia (serum Mg 2+ concentration <1.3 mEq/L). Results: One hundred and seven patients out of 2284 patients had hypomagnesemia. The incidence of hypomagnesemia was 4.7%. Malnutrition, drugs (mainly diuretics and aminoglycosides), respiratory alkalosis, diabetes mellitus, acute tubular necrosis, alcohol consumption and gastrointestinal losses were the main causes of the hypomagnesemia. In the majority of patients (80%), more than one condition may have contributed to the development of hypomagnesemia. Seventy-one patients (66.3%) exhibited at least one additional electrolyte disorder. Hypophosphatemia was the most frequent electrolyte abnormality (31.1%), followed by hypokalemia (26.1%), hyponatremia (21.5%), and hypocalcemia (22%). Seventy-eight patients (72.9%) exhibited pure or mixed acid-base disorders, mainly respiratory alkalosis (20.6%), metabolic acidosis (15.8%), and mixed metabolic alkalosis and respiratory alkalosis (18.7%). Conclusions: Hypomagnesemia in patients hospitalized in an internal medicine clinic was of multifactorial origin. A wide array of concurrent acid-base and electrolyte disorders was evident in this population.

Hypomagnesaemia is absent in children with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease

“…The only child with ADPKD and hypomagnesaemia was excluded from the study because of the use of diuretic therapy that is known to cause hypomagnesaemia. 5 Significant negative correlation between fractional excretion of magnesium and eGFR was found in children with RCAD. The fractional excretion of magnesium was found to be normal in all children with ADPKD/ARPKD who had normal eGFR, i.e.…”

“…One child with ADPKD was excluded from the study because of the use of a thiazide diuretic (for hypertension together with an ACE-inhibitor) that is known to cause hypomagnesaemia. 5 The demographic parameters of the patients are summarized in Table 1.…”

Obesity and hypomagnesemia

“…Hypomagnesemia commonly is related to poor dietary magnesium intake and/or increased magnesium loss [16]; with this regard, in order to control these confounders, the well-known causes of magnesium loss such are the use of diuretics, chronic diarrhea, malnutrition, diabetes, hypertension, liver and renal diseases, and extreme exercise [17,18] were exclusion criteria.…”

Antidiabetic Effect of Conyza Aegyptiaca (L.) Dryand Ex. Aiton Is Improved by Swimming in Rat.

“…High levels of K + are reported in diabetic rats (Prashanth et al, 2001). Chronic hyperkalemia in diabetes was reported to be associated with hypoaldosteronism syndrome and the reduction of tubular K + secretion (Liamis et al, 2012). In this syndrome, patients generally have asymptomatic hyperkalemia characterized by mild to moderate renal impairment (Prashanth et al, 2001).…”