Hypomagnesemia: Characterization of a model of sudden cardiac death

Fiset, Céline; Kargacin, Margaret E.; Kondo, Colleen; Lester, Wanda M.; Duff, Henry J.

doi:10.1016/0735-1097(96)00089-7

Cited by 38 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…9,11 Mg deficiency contributes to the pathogenesis of several cardiovascular diseases, eg, hypertension, 12 vasospastic angina, 13 ventricular arrhythmia, 14 and mitral valve prolapse. 15 Recently, Fiset et al 16 reported a high incidence of sudden death in Mg-deficient rats, and this result is consistent with epidemiological reports of a high incidence of sudden death in areas with low levels of Mg in drinking water 17 and also with clinical reports that hypomagnesemia is frequently observed in patients with heart failure in whom sudden death occurs. 14,18 Animal studies have suggested that there are 2 mechanisms of sudden death related to Mg deficiency: arrhythmogenesis and coronary vasospasm.…”

supporting

confidence: 74%

“…1,4,5,19 Moreover, the effect of Mg deficiency on the autonomic nervous system may act as a neurogenic trigger of a fatal event. Fiset et al 16 reported that fatal arrhythmia occurred after seizures in Mg-deficient rats, whereas there was a small effect on repolarization of ventricular myocytes. The authors implied that the abnormal response of the autonomic nervous system to auditory stress led to a fatal event.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Magnesium Deficiency on Autonomic Circulatory Regulation in Conscious Rats

et al. 1999

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Abstract-A close relationship between magnesium and cardiovascular function has been reported; however, the effect of magnesium deficiency on autonomic cardiovascular regulation has not been clarified. We investigated the effect of magnesium deficiency on the autonomic regulation of oscillations of the R-R interval, arterial blood pressure (BP), and renal sympathetic nerve activity (RSNA) by using the maximum entropy method in conscious rats. Its effect on baroreflex control of RSNA and heart rate were also investigated with a logistic function curve. Mean BP in magnesium-deficient rats was higher than that in control rats (meanϮSE, 114.0Ϯ4.3 versus 101.6Ϯ3.4 mm Hg; PϽ0.05), and urinary excretion of catecholamine was increased by 2.4-fold. The fraction of low-frequency oscillation of RSNA was reduced (31.7Ϯ0.9% versus 36.2Ϯ1.5%, PϽ0.05) and the correlation between low-frequency oscillations of BP and RSNA was weakened in magnesium-deficient rats. There was no difference in high-frequency oscillation of the R-R interval, which is related to vagal tone, whereas sympathetic tone became dominant (square root of low-frequency/high-frequency ratio of R-R interval, 1.00Ϯ0.05 versus 0.67Ϯ0.05, PϽ0.0001) in magnesium-deficient rats. The maximal gain in the BP-RSNA relation tended to be reduced in magnesium-deficient rats (Ϫ7.7Ϯ1.1% versus Ϫ12.2Ϯ1.9%/mm Hg, Pϭ0.07); however, that in the BP-heart rate relation was increased (Ϫ8.1Ϯ0.7 versus Ϫ4.5Ϯ0.5 bpm/mm Hg, PϽ0.01). These results suggest that magnesium deficiency induces sympathetic excitation, which results in hypertension but attenuates the baroreflex-related response of sympathetic nerves, whereas magnesium deficiency enhances the sensitivity of the sinus node to autonomic regulation. (Hypertension. 1999;34:247-252.)

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confidence: 74%

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confidence: 99%

Effect of Magnesium Deficiency on Autonomic Circulatory Regulation in Conscious Rats

et al. 1999

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“…Results found that 80% of the hypomagnesaemia rats suffered -episodes of bradycardia and tachycardia compared to the control group in which 0% showed any cardiac adversity (Fiset et al, 1996). As well as this, 36% of rats in the hypomagneseamic group suffered sudden unexpected asystolic death compared to 0% in the control group (Fiset et al, 1996). In a study by Yusuf et al, tachycardia was the prime manifestation of Mg depletion in experimental animals followed by bradycardia (Afus et al, 2001).…”

Section: Hypomagnesaemia Induced By Cisplatin and Its Role In Cardiotmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a study conducted by Fiset et al, the correlation between hypomagnesaemia and cardiac death was studied in rats (Fiset et al, 1996). Results found that 80% of the hypomagnesaemia rats suffered -episodes of bradycardia and tachycardia compared to the control group in which 0% showed any cardiac adversity (Fiset et al, 1996). As well as this, 36% of rats in the hypomagneseamic group suffered sudden unexpected asystolic death compared to 0% in the control group (Fiset et al, 1996).…”

Section: Hypomagnesaemia Induced By Cisplatin and Its Role In Cardiotmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Reports of cardiotoxicity developing as a result of hypomagnesemia are not as common, however there is sufficient in vivo evidence to suggest a correlation. In a study conducted by Fiset et al, the correlation between hypomagnesaemia and cardiac death was studied in rats (Fiset et al, 1996). Results found that 80% of the hypomagnesaemia rats suffered -episodes of bradycardia and tachycardia compared to the control group in which 0% showed any cardiac adversity (Fiset et al, 1996).…”

Section: Hypomagnesaemia Induced By Cisplatin and Its Role In Cardiotmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cisplatin induced arrhythmia; electrolyte imbalance or disturbance of the SA node?

Oun

Rowan

2017

European Journal of Pharmacology

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Since its approval in 1979 cisplatin has become one of the most extensively used chemotherapeutics in the clinic and although cell resistance and toxicity hinder its efficacy it continues to be a gold standard regimen. Cisplatin's side effects primarily include nephrotoxicity, gastrointestinal toxicity, neurotoxicity and ototoxicity.Cardiotoxicity is generally not defined as a side effect of cisplatin. However, over the past decade there has been a surge in the amount of clinical cases reporting a vast array of cardio-toxic events occurring during or shortly after cisplatin infusion, these range from angina to cardiac ischemia and chronic heart failure. This review intends to discuss the clinical cardiac manifestations of cisplatin specifically tachycardia and bradycardia which can be lethal and the possible mechanisms of action.

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Cisplatin‐induced hypomagnesemia and cardiac dysrhythmia

Bashir

Crom

Metzger

et al. 2006

Pediatric Blood & Cancer

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We describe a case of a patient with cisplatin-induced hypomagnesemia who suffered brief asystole during an episode of gastroenteritis. Structural heart disease was excluded. The patient achieved complete clinical recovery after short-term administration of intravenous magnesium supplementation. Cisplatin should be considered a cause of hypomagnesemic-related cardiac dysrhythmia. Magnesium deficit may increase myocardial electrical instability and thus, the risk of life-threatening arrhythmias and sudden death. Long-term serum electrolyte measurement and appropriate replacement of magnesium are recommended.

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Hypomagnesemia: Characterization of a model of sudden cardiac death

Abstract: In this model, magnesium deficiency results in sudden cardiac death. The presence of startle induction of sudden death preceded by seizures suggests that sudden cardiac death results from a neurologic trigger.

Cited by 38 publications

References 25 publications

Effect of Magnesium Deficiency on Autonomic Circulatory Regulation in Conscious Rats

Effect of Magnesium Deficiency on Autonomic Circulatory Regulation in Conscious Rats

Cisplatin induced arrhythmia; electrolyte imbalance or disturbance of the SA node?

Cisplatin‐induced hypomagnesemia and cardiac dysrhythmia

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