Hypolipidemic Efficacy of Trigonella Foenum Seeds in Comparison with Rosuvastatin and Fenofibrate in Hyperlipidemic Rats

Abstract

Background: Trigonella foenum-graecum seeds (TGS) have been historically used for the treatment of various chronic human diseases and studies concerned with application of this plant in diabetes and dyslipidemia support this hypothesis. The present study was designed to evaluate and compare the effect of different doses of TGS powder with Rosuvastatin and Fenofibrate on lipid profile, liver function enzymes, body weight and malondialdehyde (MDA) in hyperlipidemic rats.Method: Forty two rats were divided into two groups. The first group included 12 rats and received a standard diet throughout the experimental period and were subdivided into two subgroups of 6 rats each. The first subgroup served as a control group. The second subgroup received a standard diet containing TGS Powder at a concentration of 0.75% (w/w). The second group included 30 induced hyperlipidemic rats by feeding them with high cholesterol diet. They were subdivided into five subgroups each of 6 rats. First subgroup served as a positive control. The second subgroup received atherogenic diet containing TFSP at a concentration of 0.50% w/w, the third subgroup received the same diet containing TGS at a higher concentration of 0.75% w/w. The fourth and fifth subgroups received a daily dose of Rosuvastatin and Fenofibrate respectively. At the end of the treatment period (six weeks) all of these groups were subjected to various biochemical analyses of blood.Results: After six weeks of therapy, TGS of both concentrations (0.50% and 0.75% w/w) significantly reduced serum low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), total cholesterol (TC) when compared with hyperlipidemic rats. Both concentrations of TFS (0.50%, 0.75% w/w) increased serum high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) significantly for both normal and hyperlipidemic rats. Daily administration of Rosuvastatin of (10mg/kg) for six weeks reduced serum TC, LDL-C and triglycerides (TG) level significantly when compared with hyperlipidemic rats. Administration of Fenofibrate for six weeks markedly and significantly reduced serum TG when compared with hyperlipidemic animals. Daily use of TFS (0.75% w/w) for six weeks increased both serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) significantly for both normal and hyperlipidemic rats.Daily administration of TGS of both concentrations (0.50% and 0.75% w/w) significantly decreased serum MDA level of hyperlipidemic rats. There was a significant increase in body weight of normal rats taking diets containing TGS for six weeks.Conclusion: TGS has similar efficacy of Rosuvastatin and Fenofibrate in reducing TC. whereas, TGS was nonsignificantly more effective than Rosuvastatin and Fenofibrate in changing serum HDL-C and LDL-C.

Fenugreek

“…Comparisons of fenugreek's efficacy with lipid-lowering drugs are limited. Dietary fenugreek (0.75% w/w) reduced blood total cholesterol levels in obese Zucker rats in a manner similar to rosuvastatin (10 mg/kg) and fenofibrate 44 However, in this study, fenugreek was much less effective in suppressing blood triglyceride amounts, compared with the 2 drugs. Similar trends were detected for kidney and liver lipid concentrations, where monitored.…”

“…53 Fenugreek also was administered in baked goods with inconsistent effects. 27,44,47,49,60 The reasons for differences are not clear but suggest that the influence of dietary factors and methods of intake on fenugreek's actions need to be more closely examined. Another factor affecting fenugreek activity is the severity of the patients' type 2 diabetes.…”

The impact of rosuvastatin on inflammatory markers in L-NAME induced hypertensive rats

“…23 Each group was further subdivided into subgroup A and subgroup B. Subgroup A served as the control group which received the only placebo which consisted of distilled water administration, and subgroup B was the treatment arm which received rosuvastatin 10mg/kg daily orally by gastric gavage for 4 weeks. 24 Blood pressure (systolic, diastolic, and mean blood pressure), heart rate, and body weight were recorded at the beginning of the study and were re measured at the end of treatment for all groups. Blood pressure was measured by using the tail-cuff method (CODA non-invasive blood pressure monitor/Kent Scientific Corporation, USA).…”

Combination of atorvastatin and fenofibrate altered androgenic activities of male rats

“…The first group served as a control. The second and third groups were given daily oral administration (PO) of atorvastatin (2mg/kg) and fenofibrate(30mg/kg) [17][18][19] respectively for four weeks. The fourth group received the combination of both atorvastatin and fenofibrate(PO) for four weeks.…”