Rookshana (dehydrating/drying therapy) is one of the six treatment modalities of Ayurveda (Shadvidha Upakrama). Rookshana is a therapy which produces dryness, roughness, non-sliminess in the body or body parts.Rookshana can be imparted internally through diet and drugs and externally using therapies like Rooksha Swedana, Udvarttana and Lepa. Furthermore, depending on the individual's Dosha status and the choice of drugs, Rookshana can also be achieved through Panchakarma procedures such as Nasya, Vasti, and Virechana. Rookshana is an important Ayurvedic modality that serves as a preparatory therapy for Snehanapana, a prophylactic therapy to prevent and manage postoperative complications, and as a standalone or initial line of treatment for a variety of diseases. This review provides a comprehensive overview of various Rookshana methods and their clinical utility.