Hypokaliämie als Leitsymptom bei verheimlichtem Erbrechen: Klinische und diagnostische Aspekte^*

Abstract

In ten adults (nine females), referred for hypokalemia as the cardinal symptom of uncertain etiology and normal blood pressure, surreptitious self-induced vomiting was demonstrated as the main cause. In the majority of such patients, the pathognomonic pattern of serum and urine electrolytes (in the unstable phase--loss of gastric juice) allows diagnosis without hospitalization. If there are atypical urinary electrolyte values or the patients deny vomiting, hospitalization or part-hospitalization is recommended, with parenteral administration of 1 litre physiological saline daily under weight control, and (if necessary) toxicological urine tests for diuretics if there is a high urinary chloride level. In this manner a sufficiently accurate diagnosis is possible.