Hypokalemia-induced rhabdomyolysis

Grifoni, Elisa; Fabbri, Alessia; Ciuti, Gabriele; Cerinic, Marco Matucci; Pignone, Alberto Moggi

doi:10.1007/s11739-013-1033-8

Cited by 12 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Rhabdomyolysis may occur due to traumatic reasons or due to many different reasons such as alcoholism and medication use (especially statins), excessive physical activity, long-term lack of movement, epileptic seizures, hyperthermia, hypothermia, infections, and electrolyte imbalances (especially hypokalemia and hypophosphatemia). 2,7 Rhabdomyolysis is also seen in many congenital metabolic diseases, glycolytic enzyme deficiency diseases, some diseases with abnormal lipid metabolism, and malignant hyperthermia. 1 Drugs should be considered in differential for the etiology in a case of rhabdomyolysis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Levetiracetam Treatment-Associated Acute Rhabdomyolysis in an Adolescent

Aslan

Yıldızdaş

Huseyınlı

et al. 2020

J Pediatr Intensive Care

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Etiology of rhabdomyolysis includes hereditary muscle enzyme deficiencies, trauma, viral infections, excessive exercise, hypothyroidism, and medications such as colchicine, lithium, and statins. Several studies have reported that various antiepileptic drugs may induce rhabdomyolysis. Levetiracetam is one of the antiepileptic drugs implicated in the etiology of rhabdomyolysis. Herein, we present a case of rhabdomyolysis in an adolescent treated with levetiracetam. We wanted to draw attention to the increasing trend of levetiracetam-associated rhabdomyolysis frequency in pediatric patients.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Levetiracetam Treatment-Associated Acute Rhabdomyolysis in an Adolescent

Aslan

Yıldızdaş

Huseyınlı

et al. 2020

J Pediatr Intensive Care

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“…Rhabdomyolysis can occur as a result of electrolyte abnormalities (hypokalemia, hypophosphatemia, hyponatremia, and hypernatremia) in the setting of endocrine diseases such as diabetes 60–63 , thyroid dysfunction 64, 65 , primary hyperaldosteronism 66 , primary adrenal insufficiency 67 , central diabetes insipidus 68 , postpartum hypernatremia 69 , and pituitary dysfunction 70 . Cases of rhabdomyolysis have also been attributed to electrolyte disturbances (primarily hypokalemia and hyponatremia) in the setting of laxative and diuretic misuse/abuse 71–73 .…”

Section: Acquired Causes Of Rhabdomyolysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnostic evaluation of rhabdomyolysis

2015

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Rhabdomyolysis is characterized by severe acute muscle injury resulting in muscle pain, weakness, and/or swelling with release of myofiber contents into the bloodstream. Symptoms develop over hours to days following an inciting factor and may be associated with dark pigmentation of the urine. Serum creatine kinase and urine myoglobin levels are markedly elevated. The clinical examination, history, laboratory studies, muscle biopsy, and genetic testing are useful tools for diagnosis of rhabdomyolysis, and they can help differentiate acquired from inherited causes of rhabdomyolysis. Acquired causes include substance abuse, medication or toxic exposures, electrolyte abnormalities, endocrine disturbance, and autoimmune myopathies. Inherited predisposition to rhabdomyolysis can occur with disorders of glycogen metabolism, fatty acid beta-oxidation, and mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. Less common inherited causes of rhabdomyolysis include structural myopathies, channelopathies, and sickle cell disease. This review focuses on the differentiation of acquired and inherited causes of rhabdomyolysis and proposes a practical diagnostic algorithm.

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“…Increased levels of cAMP enhances the Na + /K + -ATPase activity. Severe serum potassium depletion can be in turn responsible for rhabdomyolysis, 9 characterized by muscle pain, weakness, dark urine, fever, tachycardia, nausea with vomiting and marked elevation of serum CPK (five times the upper limit of normal). Hypokalemia likely leads to rhabdomyolysis by disrupting the Na + /K + -ATPase and Ca 2+ -ATPase activity, which in turn results in cellular Na + and Ca 2+ influx and muscle cells death.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A cola-induced hypokalemic rhabdomyolysis with electromyographic evaluation: A case report

Ferrazzoli

Sabetta

Palamara

et al. 2017

SAGE Open Medical Case Reports

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Objective:To report a rare case of hypokalemic rhabdomyolysis induced by the heavy and prolonged ingestion of cola-based beverages, and its uneventful recovery after kalemia normalization.Methods:We report a 38-year-old Caucasian male presented in our emergency room with a recent and progressive weakness of the lower limbs proximal muscles.Results:A dietary history revealed a prolonged ingestion of cola-based beverages. Blood tests showed severe hypokalemia and marked increase in serum creatine phosphokinase. The analysis of cerebrospinal fluid resulted normal. Electromyography was suggestive for a myopathy. The clinical, laboratory and neurophysiological data were evocative for a cola-induced hypokalemic rhabdomyolysis. After kalemia normalization, the improvements of the electromyographic findings paralleled the clinical recovery.Conclusion:Chronic consumption of large amount of cola-based soft drinks may result in severe symptomatic hypokalemia, eventually leading in turn to myopathy. To our knowledge, this is the first description of the electromyographic findings of the cola-induced hypokalemic rhabdomyolysis. An early diagnosis and a prompt treatment appear to be crucial for a benign clinical course.

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Hypokalemia-induced rhabdomyolysis

Cited by 12 publications

References 5 publications

Levetiracetam Treatment-Associated Acute Rhabdomyolysis in an Adolescent

Levetiracetam Treatment-Associated Acute Rhabdomyolysis in an Adolescent

Diagnostic evaluation of rhabdomyolysis

A cola-induced hypokalemic rhabdomyolysis with electromyographic evaluation: A case report

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