Hypoglycemic Mechanism of the Berberine Organic Acid Salt under the Synergistic Effect of Intestinal Flora and Oxidative Stress

Abstract

Both alterations to the intestinal microflora and chronic systemic inflammation predispose towards type 2 diabetes (T2D). Changes in the composition of the intestinal microflora are associated with glucose metabolism changes in rats with T2D. Here, we demonstrate that a berberine fumarate (BF) has a hypoglycemic effect by regulating the intestinal microflora and metabolism of diabetic rats. The T2D rats had disorders of glucose and lipid metabolism, an abnormal intestinal microflora, fewer butyrate-producing and probiotic-type bacteria, larger numbers of potentially pathogenic and sulfate-reducing bacteria, and tissue inflammation. Administration of berberine fumarate significantly ameliorated the metabolic disorder; increased the populations of Bacteroidetes, Clostridia, Lactobacillales, Prevotellaceae, and Alloprevotella; and reduced those of Bacteroidales, Lachnospiraceae, Rikenellaceae, and Desulfovibrio. In addition, it reduced inflammation, inhibiting the overexpression of TLR4 and p-JNK and increasing the expression of PI3K, GLUT2, and other proteins, which are closely related to oxidative stress, thereby promoting the metabolism of glucose.

Effect of berberine on hyperglycaemia and gut microbiota composition in type 2 diabetic Goto-Kakizaki rats

“…The pancreatic islets of rats in the Me and Be groups showed improvement compared with those in the Mo group. These results agree with the findings of Cui et al [ 36 ].…”

Maternal Exercise Improves High-Fat Diet-Induced Metabolic Abnormalities and Gut Microbiota Profiles in Mouse Dams and Offspring

“…has also been shown to be associated with the systemic metabolic benefits of the intake of functional Oligosaccharides (Cheng et al, 2017), lactulose (Zhang et al, 2019), probiotics (Kong et al, 2019), and berberine organic acid salt (Cui et al, 2018) in animal models. In addition, our previous study demonstrated that maternal genistein intake also elevated the relative abundance of Alloprevotella in adult male offspring, which might play important roles in the systemic metabolic improvement (Zhou et al, 2019a).…”

Effect of cinnamon essential oil on gut microbiota in the mouse model of dextran sodium sulfate‐induced colitis

“…The genus Alloprevotella and Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group were generally considered to be a SCFA‐producer, and its abundance was negatively correlated with inflammation . Some studies proposed that increased Alloprevotella, Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group abundance, and the fecal SCFAs content were linked to the decrease of TLR4 signaling and of the LPS level . Consistently, our results also found that the Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group was inversely and significantly related with TLR4 expression, whereas Alloprevotella was positively correlated with the anti‐inflammation cytokine IL‐10.…”