Hypoglycemic Effects of Morus alba Leaf Extract on Postprandial Glucose and Insulin Levels in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Treated with Sulfonylurea Hypoglycemic Agents

Nakamura, Shin; Hashiguchi, Michiru; Yamaguchi, Yoshihiko; Oku, Tsuneyuki

doi:10.4172/2155-6156.1000158

Cited by 19 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…There was no evidence of adverse gastrointestinal symptoms for any extract, and a statistically significant increase in breath H 2 only for MLE. Other studies using MLE have also reported significant increases in H 2 [53][54][55][56]72]. However, no significant effects of MLE on gastrointestinal symptoms were apparent here or in other studies where these were assessed [52,59,72].…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 51%

“…We observed clear efficacious effects of MFE and MLE containing~7.5-8 mg DNJ, for both PPG and PPI. In contrast to AE, there are many human studies that have reported on the acute efficacy of mulberry extracts, usually MLE [21,[51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60] for reducing PPG and, in fewer studies, also PPI. While different dose levels of DNJ have been tested within and between the published studies, almost all of these have found statistically significant reductions in one or both of these outcomes at some dose level.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effect of 8 plant extracts and combinations on post-prandial blood glucose and insulin responses in healthy adults: a randomized controlled trial

et al. 2020

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Background: Lower post-prandial glucose (PPG) and insulin (PPI) responses to foods are associated with reduced diabetes risk and progression. Several plant extracts have been proposed to reduce PPG or PPI by inhibiting enzymes or transporters involved in carbohydrate digestion and uptake. This study evaluates a range of such extracts, consumed with a carbohydrate load, for their effects on PPG, PPI and indicators of (gastrointestinal) tolerance. Methods: Interventions were extracts of mulberry fruit (MFE, 1.5 g), mulberry leaf (MLE, 1.0 g), white bean (WBE, 3.0 g), apple (AE, 2.0 g), elderberry (EE, 2.0 g), turmeric (TE, 0.18 g), AE + TE, and EE + TE. Each of these 8 individual extracts or combinations were added to a rice porridge containing~50 g available carbohydrate (control). In a within-subject (randomised, balanced incomplete block) design, individual subjects received the control and a subset of 4 of the 8 extracts or combinations. Participants were 72 apparently healthy adults (mean [SD] age 31.2 [5.5] yr, body mass index 22.1 [2.0] kg/m 2). The primary outcome was the percentage change in 2-h PPG (positive incremental area under the curve) relative to control. Secondary measures were the 2-h PPI response, 7-h breath hydrogen, measures of gastrointestinal discomfort, and urine glucose. Results: In the 65 subjects who completed the control and at least one intervention treatment, additions of AE, MFE and MLE produced statistically significant reductions in PPG vs control (p < 0.05; mean effect − 24.1 to − 38.1%). All extracts and combinations except TE and WBE significantly reduced PPI (p < 0.01; mean effect − 17.3% to − 30.4%). Rises in breath hydrogen > 10 ppm were infrequent, but statistically more frequent than control only for MLE (p = 0.02). Scores for gastrointestinal discomfort were extremely low and not different from control for any treatment, and no glucosuria was observed.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 51%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of 8 plant extracts and combinations on post-prandial blood glucose and insulin responses in healthy adults: a randomized controlled trial

et al. 2020

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“…Numerous reports from animal studies have documented strong antidiabetic properties of the WML [ 4 ]. In human studies, consumption of food products enriched with the WML extract added into diet resulted in lower glycemic increase compared to non-enriched products in both, patients with diabetes type 2 and healthy controls and reduced excessive body weight [ 5 ]. The compound responsible for the lowering of blood glucose concentration is 1-deoxynojirimycin (DNJ) and its derivatives, which are inhibitors of intestinal α-glucosidase.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional Properties and Antioxidant Activity of Morus alba L. Leaves var. Zolwinska Wielkolistna (WML-P)—The Effect of Controlled Conditioning Process

et al. 2020

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This study evaluated the effect of adding a new step, termed conditioning, to the traditional processing of leaves from Morus alba var. zolwinska wielkolistna grown in Poland (WML-P). This step, modeled on tea leaves processing, was conducted in a controlled environment on a semi-technical scale. The primary goal was to evaluate the effect of the WML-P conditioning for 1–4 h at 32–35 °C on the content of bioactive compounds (total phenolics, phenolic acids, flavonols, 1-deoxynojirimycin) and antioxidant activity (radical scavenging against DPPH, antioxidant capacity, chelating activity and ferric reducing antioxidant potential) of the lyophilized extracts. For the first time WML-P extracts content was comprehensively characterized by assessing dietary fiber fractions, fatty acids, amino acids, macro- and microelements and chlorophyll content. Compared to the traditional process, adding the conditioning step to WML-P processing resulted in an increased total phenolics content, radical scavenging capacity, ability to quench 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH•) and iron-chelating ability in the lyophilized extracts. The beneficial effect depended on conditioning time. The highest flavonols and phenolic acids content were found after 2-h conditioning. We concluded that adding a 2-h conditioning step to traditional WML-P processing results in getting WML-P lyophilized extract with increased bioactive compounds content and high antioxidant activity.

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“…Considerable human studies have further elucidated the hypoglycemic effects of mulberry leaf extract in healthy participants, with fewer studies on prediabetes and T2DM [71][72][73]129,[131][132][133][134][135][136][137][138][139]. Liu and colleagues (2020) investigated the acute hypoglycemic effects of an extract mixture of mulberry leaf and white kidney bean in participants with IFG [74].…”

Section: White Mulberry Leafmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Narrative Review of Human Clinical Trials on the Impact of Phenolic-Rich Plant Extracts on Prediabetes and Its Subgroups

et al. 2021

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Phenolic-rich plant extracts have been demonstrated to improve glycemic control in individuals with prediabetes. However, there is increasing evidence that people with prediabetes are not a homogeneous group but exhibit different glycemic profiles leading to the existence of prediabetes subgroups. Prediabetes subgroups have been identified as: isolated impaired fasting glucose (IFG), isolated impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), and combined impaired fasting glucose and glucose intolerance (IFG/IGT). The present review investigates human clinical trials examining the hypoglycemic potential of phenolic-rich plant extracts in prediabetes and prediabetes subgroups. Artemisia princeps Pampanini, soy (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) leaf and Citrus junos Tanaka peel have been demonstrated to improve fasting glycemia and thus may be more useful for individuals with IFG with increasing hepatic insulin resistance. In contrast, white mulberry (Morus alba Linn.) leaf, persimmon (Diospyros kaki) leaf and Acacia. Mearnsii bark were shown to improve postprandial glycemia and hence may be preferably beneficial for individuals with IGT with increasing muscle insulin resistance. Elaeis guineensis leaf was observed to improve both fasting and postprandial glycemic measures depending on the dose. Current evidence remains scarce regarding the impact of the plant extracts on glycemic control in prediabetes subgroups and therefore warrants further study.

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Hypoglycemic Effects of Morus alba Leaf Extract on Postprandial Glucose and Insulin Levels in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Treated with Sulfonylurea Hypoglycemic Agents

Cited by 19 publications

References 34 publications

The effect of 8 plant extracts and combinations on post-prandial blood glucose and insulin responses in healthy adults: a randomized controlled trial

The effect of 8 plant extracts and combinations on post-prandial blood glucose and insulin responses in healthy adults: a randomized controlled trial

Functional Properties and Antioxidant Activity of Morus alba L. Leaves var. Zolwinska Wielkolistna (WML-P)—The Effect of Controlled Conditioning Process

A Narrative Review of Human Clinical Trials on the Impact of Phenolic-Rich Plant Extracts on Prediabetes and Its Subgroups

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