Hypoglycemic effects and mechanism of different molecular weights of konjac glucomannans in type 2 diabetic rats

Deng, Jie; Zhong, Jing; Jin, Long; Zou, Xiaoying; Wang, Da; Song, Yafen; Zhou, Kai; Liang, Yuxuan; Huang, Riming; Wei, Xiaoqun; Li, Meiying; Sun, Yuanming

doi:10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.10.021

Cited by 68 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Glucomannan is another polysaccharide that originate viscous solutions, usually present in konjac plants, composed of d -mannose and d -glucose linked by (β1 → 4)-glycosidic bonds at 1.6–1.4:1 Man/Glc ratio [ 45 ]. The viscosity of konjac glucomannans (KGM) with an average molecular weight of 700 kDa, measured at a shear rate of 100 s −1 , is 1000 mPa.s ( Table 1 ) [ 46 ], in a similar range to that of galactomannans and cereal β-glucans solutions, allowing to infer that these polysaccharides present a viscosity that can influence cholesterol bioaccessibility.…”

Section: Polysaccharides Viscosity and Its Influence On Cholesterol Bioaccessibilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Polysaccharide Structures and Their Hypocholesterolemic Potential

et al. 2021

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Several classes of polysaccharides have been described to have hypocholesterolemic potential, namely cholesterol bioaccessibility and bioavailability. This review will highlight the main mechanisms by which polysaccharides are known to affect cholesterol homeostasis at the intestine, namely the effect (i) of polysaccharide viscosity and its influence on cholesterol bioaccessibility; (ii) on bile salt sequestration and its dependence on the structural diversity of polysaccharides; (iii) of bio-transformations of polysaccharides and bile salts by the gut microbiota. Different quantitative structure–hypocholesterolemic activity relationships have been explored depending on the mechanism involved, and these were based on polysaccharide physicochemical properties, such as sugar composition and ramification degree, linkage type, size/molecular weight, and charge. The information gathered will support the rationalization of polysaccharides’ effect on cholesterol homeostasis and highlight predictive rules towards the development of customized hypocholesterolemic functional food.

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Section: Polysaccharides Viscosity and Its Influence On Cholesterol Bioaccessibilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Polysaccharide Structures and Their Hypocholesterolemic Potential

et al. 2021

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“…Furthermore, whereas VitD 3 alone failed to affect colon homeostasis, it did increase the abundance of Muribaculaceae (26), previously known as S24‐7 , when combined with SPF treatment, which might contribute to the improved insulin sensitivity we reported in the SPF+VitD 3 group. Indeed, different dietary treatments improving glucose metabolism were also associated with a bloom of Muribaculaceae (42‐45). Interestingly, Muribaculaceae , have also been associated with an improvement of gut and liver health by a calcitriol treatment in a cirrhotic rat model, which reinforces the idea that these bacteria could respond to vitamin D intake.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salmon peptides limit obesity‐associated metabolic disorders by modulating a gut‐liver axis in vitamin D‐deficient mice

Valle

Mitchell

Pilon

et al. 2021

Obesity

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Objective This study investigated the effects of a low‐dose salmon peptide fraction (SPF) and vitamin D3 (VitD3) in obese and VitD3‐deficient mice at risk of metabolic syndrome (MetS). Methods Obese and VitD3‐deficient low‐density lipoprotein receptor (LDLr)−/−/apolipoprotein B100 (ApoB)100/100 mice were treated with high‐fat high‐sucrose diets, with 25% of dietary proteins replaced by SPF or a nonfish protein mix (MP). The SPF and MP groups received a VitD3‐deficient diet or a supplementation of 15,000 IU of VitD3 per kilogram of diet. Glucose homeostasis, atherosclerosis, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and gut health were assessed. Results VitD3 supplementation increased plasma 25‐hydroxyvitamin D to optimal status whereas the VitD3‐deficient diet maintained moderate deficiency. SPF‐treated groups spent more energy and accumulated less visceral fat in association with an improved adipokine profile. SPF lowered homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance compared with MP, suggesting that SPF can improve insulin sensitivity. SPF alone blunted hepatic and colonic inflammation, whereas VitD3 supplementation attenuated ileal inflammation. These effects were associated with changes in gut microbiota such as increased Mogibacterium and Muribaculaceae. Conclusions SPF treatment improves MetS by modulating hepatic and gut inflammation along with gut microbiota, suggesting that SPF operates through a gut‐liver axis. VitD3 supplementation has limited influence on MetS in this model.

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“…The representative sequence of OTU was used for species identification. Then, multiplex clustering and mass filtration, OTU selection, taxonomic distribution, phylogenetic reconstruction, and diversity analysis were used to study the diversity of the microbial community (Jie et al., 2020; Jin et al., 2019).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The hypoglycemic effect of freeze‐dried fermented mulberry mixed with soybean on type 2 diabetes mellitus

Long

Pang

et al. 2021

Food Science & Nutrition

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Mulberry has significant hypoglycemic effect and can be used as an auxiliary food for people with type 2 diabetes. However, it is rich in carbohydrate and cannot be consumed directly by diabetic patients. In the study, we fermented the mulberry to reduce the content of glucose and fructose, and added the soybean to reduce the loss of probiotics during fermentation and then determined its hypoglycemic effect. We induced type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) mice by streptozotocin and measured its blood glucose, serum biochemistry, hepatic and pancreatic histopathology, and the diversity of the gut microbiota. After 5 weeks of oral DFMS administration, the glucose tolerance was improved significantly in T2DM mice. Furthermore, there were also significant increases in superoxide dismutase activity and glutathione concentration, and marked reductions in the concentrations of malondialdehyde and free fatty acids. Moreover, DFMS also prevented histopathological changes and the increases in the activities of alanine transaminase and aspartate transaminase. DFMS treatment also markedly increased the richness of the gut microbial community. The abundance of Bacteroidetes was increased, and those of Proteobacteria, Escherichia‐Shigella, and Lactobacillus were reduced. In summary, DFMS has a clear hypoglycemic effect in mice with T2DM.

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Hypoglycemic effects and mechanism of different molecular weights of konjac glucomannans in type 2 diabetic rats

Cited by 68 publications

References 46 publications

Polysaccharide Structures and Their Hypocholesterolemic Potential

Polysaccharide Structures and Their Hypocholesterolemic Potential

Salmon peptides limit obesity‐associated metabolic disorders by modulating a gut‐liver axis in vitamin D‐deficient mice

The hypoglycemic effect of freeze‐dried fermented mulberry mixed with soybean on type 2 diabetes mellitus

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