Hypoglycemic Effect of High-Resistant Starch Analog Rice Through GLP-1 and Insulin or High-Resistant Starch Analog Rice Attenuates Blood Glucose Level Through Enhancement of GLP-1 and Insulin

Abstract

Objective: This study was to investigate the effect of analog rice (AR) on glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and insulin serum levels, glucose transporter-2 (GLUT-2) expression, and fasting blood glucose (FBG) level in diabetic rats.
 Methods: Fifty male Wistar rats divided into the control group (n=10) and the experimental group. High-fat diet and streptozotocin were administered in experimental groups, which then divided into four equal groups (n=10, each) (negative control group, rice group, AR1 and AR2 group, given standard pellet, rice pellet, AR1 and AR2 pellet, respectively, for 6 weeks). GLP-1 and insulin serum levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The expression of GLUT-2 and the number of pancreatic β-cells observed using an immunohistochemistry method.
 Results: FBG levels in the AR1 and AR2 groups decreased, while the rice group remained. GLP-1 serum levels of the negative control and rice groups were not significantly different from the control group, while the AR1 and AR2 groups higher than the control group (p≤0.05). All the treatment groups had insulin serum levels significantly lower than control group (p≤0.05), except the AR1 group. The expression of GLUT-2 and the number of pancreatic β-cells in the treatment groups were less than the control group, but between treatment groups were not significantly different.
 Conclusion: AR significantly effective in reducing FBG level in diabetic rats through stimulation of increased GLP-1 and insulin serum levels serum levels but AR did not affect on the expression of GLUT-2.

Beras Analog dapat Mencegah Kerusakan Ginjal pada Tikus Induksi Kombinasi HFD dan STZ

“…Salah satu makanan yang berpeluang dikembangkan untuk mencegah kerusakan ginjal akibat DM adalah beras analog. Beras analog sudah terbukti memperbaiki regulasi KGD [18,19] karena dapat meningkatkan kadar GLP-1 [18] dan ekspresi Glucose Transporter type 4 (GLUT 4) [19]. Beras analog dapat direkayasa agar memiliki kadar serat [20] dan RS yang tinggi [18], misalnya dengan menggunakan bahan baku yang kaya serat dan RS.…”

“…Beras analog sudah terbukti memperbaiki regulasi KGD [18,19] karena dapat meningkatkan kadar GLP-1 [18] dan ekspresi Glucose Transporter type 4 (GLUT 4) [19]. Beras analog dapat direkayasa agar memiliki kadar serat [20] dan RS yang tinggi [18], misalnya dengan menggunakan bahan baku yang kaya serat dan RS. Jagung memiliki kandungan serat yang tinggi sedangkan modified cassava flour (MOCAF) memiliki kandungan RS yang tinggi.…”

“…Jagung memiliki kandungan serat yang tinggi sedangkan modified cassava flour (MOCAF) memiliki kandungan RS yang tinggi. Beras analog yang menggunakan bahan baku dari MOCAF dan jagung terbukti memiliki kandungan serat dan RS yang tinggi [18].…”

“…Kelompok K0 diberikan pakan pelet standar selama perlakuan. Pelet standar merupakan pakan yang biasa digunakan untuk pemeliharaan tikus yang dibuat di Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan Universitas Airlangga [18]. Semua tikus pada kelompok perlakuan (P) diberikan pelet tinggi lemak (mengandung 22,8% lemak babi) selama 40 hari.…”

“…[27]. Lama pemberian HFD juga bervariasi, misalnya 14 hari [22], 21 hari [18], dan 35 hari [28]. Pada penelitian ini HFD diberikan selama 40 hari.…”