Hypoglycemic and antioxidant effects of Daraesoon (Actinidia argutashoot) in animal models of diabetes mellitus

Abstract

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVESThe primary objective of the treatment of diabetes mellitus is the attainment of glycemic control. Hyperglycemia increases oxidative stress which contributes to the progression of diabetic complications. Thus, the purpose of this study was to investigate the hypoglycemic and antioxidant effects of Daraesoon (Actinidia arguta shoot) in animal models of diabetes mellitus.MATERIALS/METHODSRats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes received an oral administration of a starch solution (1 g/kg) either with or without a 70% ethanol extract of Daraesoon (400 mg/kg) or acarbose (40 mg/kg) after an overnight fast and their postprandial blood glucose levels were measured. Five-week-old C57BL/6J mice were fed either a basal or high-fat/high-sucrose (HFHS) diet with or without Daraesoon extract (0.4%) or acarbose (0.04%) for 12 weeks after 1 week of adaptation to determine the effects of the chronic consumption of Daraesoon on fasting hyperglycemia and antioxidant status.RESULTSCompared to the control group, rats that received Daraesoon extract (400 mg/kg) or acarbose (40 mg/kg) exhibited a significant reduction in the area under the postprandial glucose response curve after the oral ingestion of starch. Additionally, the long-term consumption of Daraesoon extract or acarbose significantly decreased serum glucose and insulin levels as well as small intestinal maltase activity in HFHS-fed mice. Furthermore, the consumption of Daraesoon extract significantly reduced thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and increased glutathione levels in the livers of HFHS-fed mice compared to HFHS-fed mice that did not ingest Daraesoon.CONCLUSIONSDaraesoon effectively suppressed postprandial hyperglycemia via the inhibition of α-glucosidase in STZ-induced diabetic rats. Chronic consumption of Daraesoon alleviated fasting hyperglycemia and oxidative stress in mice fed a HFHS diet.

Modulatory Effect of Polyphenolic Compounds from the Mangrove tree <em>Rhizophora mangle </em>L. Improving Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Insulin Resistance in High-Fat Diet Obese Mice

“…The CD36 mRNA expression in hepatocytes is normally low, but an important increase is observed by a high-fat diet or by the activation of nuclear receptors including peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)- [39]. We can registered a modulatory effect of AERM in liver PPAR-γ mRNA expression associated to an important inhibition of CD36 mRNA expression ( Figure 6A), suggesting that AERM induces the down regulation of our work for effective activity of AERM (50 mg/kg), as well as, acarbose in vivo is only effective at 40 mg/kg/day [47,48], suggesting that an anti-lipase and anti-amylase activity could be important in the lipid lowering, glucose homeostasis and hepatoprotective effects of AERM. Interestingly, mice treated with AERM did not present reduced adiposity but pro-inflammatory gene expression was reduced when compared with obese non-treated ( Figure 6B), suggesting that AERM have anti-inflammatory activity mitigating obesity associated adipose tissue inflammation that could contribute to reverse the insulin resistance.…”

Modulatory Effect of Polyphenolic Compounds from the Mangrove Tree Rhizophora mangle L. on Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Insulin Resistance in High-Fat Diet Obese Mice

“…In vivo administration of orlistat requires doses around 50 mg/kg to determine lowering serum triglycerides (TG) effects and probably it explain why we did not observe it in vivo with AERM. However, in vivo, acarbose is only effective at 40 mg/kg/day [ 50 , 51 ], suggesting that anti-amylase activity could be a role for glucose homeostasis and for the hepatoprotective effects of AERM.…”

Actinidia arguta Sprout as a Natural Antioxidant: Ameliorating Effect on Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Cognitive Impairment

“…According to Kim et al [12], the chloroform fraction of A. arguta stem improved inflammation through inhibition of the NF-κB pathway in macrophages. In addition, A. arguta sprout is reported to improve postprandial blood glucose levels by inhibiting α-glucosidase in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats [13]. However, there is a lack of research on the effect of A. arguta on the relationship between intestinal microorganisms and cognitive function.…”