Hypoglycaemia in children aged 1 month to 17 years admitted to the children’s emergency room of Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi, Nigeria

Azuka, NC; Chukwuka, JO; Ebenebe, Joy C.; Ofiaeli, Ogochukwu C

doi:10.7196/sajch.2021.v15i1.01761

Cited by 1 publication

(6 citation statements)

References 15 publications

(65 reference statements)

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“…3,6 Infants and young children are also known to have a less efficient glucose homeostasis because of a lower reserve of liver glycogen/muscle protein and a higher level of glucose utilization due to a higher brain to body mass ratio. 10 This association, however was not found to be statistically significant. Hypoglycaemia was found to be significantly associated with Sepsis and Gastroenteritis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

“…3 Fever, an inflammatory response frequently seen in patients with Sepsis, may cause an increase in peripheral glucose utilization thus leading to the development of hypoglycaemia. 10 Hypoglycaemia in patients with Sepsis has also been reported to be likely due to production of endotoxins which may stimulate insulin secretion and also inhibit gluconeogenic pathways. 11 The study by Elusiyan et al 11 in contrast to the finding of this present study, however, reported no hypoglycaemia in all 14 children admitted for Gastroenteritis in the Paediatric emergency ward at Ife, Osun state.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…9 A similar study in Nnewi, south east Nigeria, reported malaria as commonest followed by sepsis and gastroenteritis. 10 Similarly, in Abuja, northern Nigeria malaria was also documented as the commonest followed by sepsis and severe acute malnutrition. 12 Hypoglycaemia could lead to neurological damage especially in the developing brain resulting in severe mental retardation, transient cognitive impairment, speech and language impairment, learning disability, recurrent seizures and even death, if recurrent or prolonged.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…7,8 Other risk factors include young age, prolonged fasting and disease severity. [9][10][11][12] A prospective study carried out over 4 months in the EPU in Gusau, northern Nigeria reported severe acute malnutrition as the commonest morbidity among children with hypoglycaemia followed by acute diarrhoeal disease and severe malaria. 9 A similar study in Nnewi, south east Nigeria, reported malaria as commonest followed by sepsis and gastroenteritis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Blood glucose levels were classified as hypoglycaemia (<3.3mmol/l), normoglycaemia (3.4-8-9mmol/l), hyperglycaemiaprediabetic range(>8.9-11mmol/l) and hyperglycaemia-diabetic range(>11mmol/l). 10 A test strip was inserted into the glucometer thus switching it on. For children below 1 years, capillary blood was collected from the lateral aspect of the heel after the area was cleaned with an alcohol swab, air-dried and area pricked gently with a lancet while in older children, capillary blood sample was taken from the thumb in similar manner.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence and Outcome of Hypoglycaemia Among Children Presenting to the Children Emergency Room of Rivers State University Teaching Hospital

Enekole Aitafo,

West

2024

Int J Health Sci Res

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Background: Hypoglycaemia is a common feature seen in children presenting in the paediatric emergency and it contributes to increased morbidity and mortality. Objective: To determine the prevalence of hypoglycaemia among children admitted into the Children emergency of Rivers State University Teaching Hospital and to assess it’s relationship with patient outcome. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 94 children whose parents gave informed consent were recruited consecutively. Their socio-demographic characteristics, clinical features, diagnosis, management and outcome were recorded. Random blood sugar was determined using Accu-Chek Active Blood glucose meter, and classified as hypoglycaemia (<3.3mmol/l), normoglycaemia (3.4-8-9mmol/l), hyperglycaemia-prediabetic range(>8.9-11mmol/l), hyperglycaemia-diabetic range(>11mmol/l). Results: Of the 94 recruited children majority were under five years (75 children,79.8%) with male-female ratio of 1.24:1. Most common diagnosis seen were Malaria, Sepsis, Bronchopneumonia, anaemia and Meningitis; with an overall mortality rate of 5.3%. The prevalence of hypoglycaemia was 11.7%. Of the 11 children with hypoglycaemia, 4(44.4%) had their blood glucose level restored after 1 hour, 3(33.3%) had hypoglycaemia persisting and 2(22.3%) had hyperglycaemia. Out of the 3 children who had hypoglycaemia persisting, 2(66.7%) died while the 3rd (33.3%) was discharged. Mortality rate among those with hypoglycaemia was 27.3%. Hypoglycaemia was found to be significantly associated with a diagnosis of Sepsis and Gastroenteritis, and patient mortality. Conclusion: Hypoglycaemia is common in children presenting in the emergency room and may be associated with increased mortality. Blood glucose levels should be monitored closely in all sick admitted children and hypoglycaemia corrected appropriately. Key words: Prevalence Hypoglycaemia Children Emergency Port Harcourt.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%