Hypogeous fungi in Mediterranean maquis, arid and semi-arid forests

Zambonelli, Alessandra; Donnini, Domizia; Rana, Gian Luigi; Fascetti, Simonetta; Benucci, Gian Maria Niccolò; Iotti, Mirco; Morte, Asunción; Khabar, Lahsen; Bawadekji, Abdulhakim; Piattoni, Federica; Compagno, Riccardo; Venturella, Giuseppe

doi:10.1080/11263504.2013.877537

Cited by 28 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Woodland and shrubland communities composed of ectomycorrhizal sclerophyllous woody plants from the genera Cistus, Halimium and Helianthemum (Cistaceae), Arbutus (Ericaceae), Quercus (Fagaceae) and Pinus (Pinaceae) are widespread throughout the Mediterranean Region and other dryland areas. Although some of these genera can also form other types of mycorrhizal associations (arbuscular, arbutoid or ectendomycorrhizal), all of them are thought to be primarily ectomycorrhizal (Brundrett, 2009;Thanos, Georghiou, Kadis, & Pantazi, 1992;Zambonelli et al, 2014). Many ectomycorrhizal fungi (EMF) show rather low tolerance to soil warming and/or drying (Cline, France, & Reid, 1987;Querejeta et al, 2009), as even moderate increases in heat or drought stress can trigger large decreases in EMF root colonization, extraradical mycelial production and physiological activity (Jany, Martin, & Garbaye, 2003;Kennedy & Peay, 2007;Navarro-Ródenas, Lozano-Carrillo, Pérez-Gilabert, & Morte, 2011;Runion, Mitchell, Rogers, Prior, & Counts, 1997).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Poor plant performance under simulated climate change is linked to mycorrhizal responses in a semi‐arid shrubland

et al. 2017

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Warmer and drier conditions associated with ongoing climate change will increase abiotic stress for plants and mycorrhizal fungi in drylands worldwide, thereby potentially reducing vegetation cover and productivity and increasing the risk of land degradation and desertification. Rhizosphere microbial interactions and feedbacks are critical processes that could either mitigate or aggravate the vulnerability of dryland vegetation to forecasted climate change.We conducted a four-year manipulative study in a semiarid shrubland in the Iberian Peninsula to assess the effects of warming (~2.5ºC; W), rainfall reduction (~30%; RR) and their combination (W+RR) on the performance of native shrubs () and their associated mycorrhizal fungi.Warming (W and W+RR) decreased the net photosynthetic rates of shrubs by ~31% despite concurrent increases in stomatal conductance (~33%), leading to sharp decreases (~50%) in water use efficiency. Warming also advanced growth phenology, decreased leaf nitrogen and phosphorus contents per unit area, reduced shoot biomass production by ~36% and decreased survival during a dry year in both W and W+RR plants. Plants under RR showed more moderate decreases (~10-20%) in photosynthesis, stomatal conductance and shoot growth.Warming, RR and W+RR altered ectomycorrhizal fungal (EMF) community structure and drastically reduced the relative abundance of EMF sequences obtained by high-throughput sequencing, a response associated with decreases in the leaf nitrogen, phosphorus and dry matter contents of their host plants. In contrast to EMF, the community structure and relative sequence abundances of other non-mycorrhizal fungal guilds were not significantly affected by the climate manipulation treatments. Our findings highlight the vulnerability of both native plants and their symbiotic mycorrhizal fungi to climate warming and drying in semiarid shrublands, and point to the importance of a deeper understanding of plant-soil feedbacks to predict dryland vegetation responses to forecasted aridification. The interdependent responses of plants and ectomycorrhizal fungi to warming and rainfall reduction may lead to a detrimental feedback loop on vegetation productivity and nutrient pool size, which could amplify the adverse impacts of forecasted climate change on ecosystem functioning in EMF-dominated drylands.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Poor plant performance under simulated climate change is linked to mycorrhizal responses in a semi‐arid shrubland

et al. 2017

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“…is included in the Pezizaceae (Laessøe & Hansen 2007) within the order Pezizales. The edible hypogeous ascomata of these fungi are known as "desert truffles" due to their habitat, which is typically arid and semi-arid ecosystems, mostly in the Mediterranean region (Morte et al 2009, Zambonelli et al 2014 and constitute an important economic resource for the local populations (Shavit 2014). Species of Terfezia have a long history of culinary and medical uses, because they are rich in nutrients and bioactive compounds (Shavit & Shavit 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two new Terfezia species from Southern Europe

Bordallo¹,

Rodrı́guez²,

Kounas³

et al. 2015

Phytotaxa

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“…This point could be further investigated also for truffle arbutoid symbiosis, to verify its potential as multipurpose forestations in Mediterranean semi-arid regions. Tuber melanosporum and T. aestivum are typical Mediterranean truffles, and they are also adapted to warm climate although T. melanosporum does not tolerate extreme summer drought (Kagan-Zur et al 2012 ; Zambonelli et al 2014 ; Le Tacon 2016 ). The production of A. unedo plants inoculated with selected truffle strains tolerant to drought and high temperatures can represent an efficient approach to successfully cultivate truffles in semi-arid climates (Leonardi et al 2017 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and ultrastructural observation of arbutoid mycorrhizae of black truffles (Tuber melanosporum and T. aestivum)

et al. 2020

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Arbutus unedo (the strawberry tree) is a Mediterranean shrub which forms arbutoid mycorrhizae with a variety of Asco- and Basidiomycetes. After the discovery of the mycorrhizal symbiosis between A. unedo and Tuber borchii, in this study, arbutoid mycorrhizae were synthetized in greenhouse with Tuber aestivum and Tuber melanosporum. Six months after inoculation, both species colonized the roots of all inoculated A. unedo seedlings, but mature mycorrhizae were only observed after 12 months. Ultrastructure analysis of Tuber arbutoid mycorrhizae was described for the first time, showing, as observed in typical endosymbiosis, a rearrangement of host cells and the creation of an interface compartment with both truffle species. Immunolabelling experiments suggested that pectins are not present in the interface matrix surrounding the intracellular hyphae. Thus, the ability to establish symbiosis with A. unedo seems to be a common feature in the genus Tuber, opening up the possibility to use this plant for mycorrhization with valuable truffles. This could represent an important economic opportunity in Mediterranean areas by combining the production of truffles, edible fruits and valued honey.

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Hypogeous fungi in Mediterranean maquis, arid and semi-arid forests

Cited by 28 publications

References 32 publications

Poor plant performance under simulated climate change is linked to mycorrhizal responses in a semi‐arid shrubland

Poor plant performance under simulated climate change is linked to mycorrhizal responses in a semi‐arid shrubland

Two new Terfezia species from Southern Europe

Synthesis and ultrastructural observation of arbutoid mycorrhizae of black truffles (Tuber melanosporum and T. aestivum)

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