Hypocretinergic system in the medial preoptic area promotes maternal behavior in lactating rats

Rivas, Mayda; Torterolo, Pablo; Ferreira, Annabel; Benedetto, Luciana

doi:10.1016/j.peptides.2016.04.002

Cited by 17 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Gene expression of OX is increased in pregnant and lactating female rats compared to nonpregnant or nonlactating rats (Kanenishi et al, 2004; Sun, Narita, Murata, Honda, & Higuchi, 2003), and the number of OX-expressing neurons is also increased during lactation (Sun et al, 2003). In accord with this, injection of OX-A into the cerebral ventricles or medial preoptic area specifically increases licking and grooming of pups but not of the self, while peripheral or medial preoptic area injections of an OX1R antagonist reduces these behaviors (D’Anna & Gammie, 2006; Rivas, Torterolo, Ferreira, & Benedetto, 2016). It is possible that the increase in OX during the perinatal period also contributes to other behaviors observed in mothers during this time, including disturbed sleep (Bei, Coo, & Trinder, 2015) and increased caloric intake (Whichelow, 1975), which are ultimately tied to care of the offspring.…”

Section: Role Of Orexin/hypocretin In Homeostatic Feeding and Othementioning

confidence: 67%

Orexin/Hypocretin System: Role in Food and Drug Overconsumption

Barson

Leibowitz

2017

International Review of Neurobiology

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The neuropeptide orexin/hypocretin (OX), while largely transcribed within the hypothalamus, is released throughout the brain to affect complex behaviors. Primarily through the hypothalamus itself, OX homeostatically regulates adaptive behaviors needed for survival, including food intake, sleep-wake regulation, mating, and maternal behavior. However, through extra-hypothalamic limbic brain regions, OX promotes seeking and intake of rewarding substances of abuse, like palatable food, alcohol, nicotine, and cocaine. This neuropeptide, in turn, is stimulated by the intake of or early life exposure to these substances, forming a non-homeostatic, positive feedback loop. The OX receptor involved in these behaviors, adaptive behavior or substance seeking and intake, is dependent on the particular brain region that contributes to them. Thus, we propose that, while the primary function of OX is to maintain arousal for the performance of adaptive behaviors, this neuropeptide system is readily coopted by rewarding substances that involve positive feedback, ultimately promoting their abuse.

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Section: Role Of Orexin/hypocretin In Homeostatic Feeding and Othementioning

confidence: 67%

Orexin/Hypocretin System: Role in Food and Drug Overconsumption

Barson

Leibowitz

2017

International Review of Neurobiology

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“…In parturient rats, hypothalamic orexin-A immunoreactivity falls if the litter is removed at parturition (Sun et al, 2003), suggesting a role for offspring cues in maternal central orexin-A content. Offspring-induced changes in maternal orexin-A are likely relevant for her caregiving behaviors, as intracerebroventricular infusion of orexin-A even further increases caregiving behaviors in early-postpartum mice (D’Anna and Gammie, 2006), and mPOA infusion of orexin-A increases pup licking by late-postpartum rats (Rivas et al, 2016). Conversely, orexin-1 receptor antagonism in the mPOA decreases pup licking by both early- and late-postpartum rats (Rivas et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interaction between postpartum stage and litter age on maternal caregiving and medial preoptic area orexin

Grieb

Holschbach

Lonstein

2018

Physiology & Behavior

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Most maternal caregiving behaviors change across lactation to match the developmental needs of the continuously aging offspring. However, it is mostly unknown whether the dams' postpartum stage or litter age is the primary driving force of these changes. In this study, postnatal day 1 and 8 litters were cross-fostered or in-fostered to postpartum day 1 or 8 dams. Five days later, undisturbed observations of maternal caregiving behaviors were performed on the subsequent two days. We found a main effect of dams' postpartum stage on the frequency that mothers spent with the pups and displayed erect postures over them (hovering over and kyphosis), although it was mostly driven by an interaction between postpartum stage and litter age: early-postpartum dams were in contact with younger litters and in erect postures more often with younger litters compared to later-postpartum dams with younger litters. Additionally, there was an interaction between postpartum stage and litter age on the litter weights because older litters living with later-postpartum dams were heavier than older litters living with early-postpartum dams. There was also an interaction between postpartum stage and litter age on the dams' bodyweight, with early-postpartum dams living with younger litters weighing the least and later-postpartum dams living with younger litters weighing the most. Because activity of the neuropeptide, orexin, within the medial preoptic area (mPOA) has been implicated in maternal nursing and other caregiving behaviors, we measured mPOA levels of orexin-A but it was not affected by postpartum stage or litter age (nor was there an interaction). However, high orexin-A was negatively associated with the frequency of contact with pups and the display of erect postures. These results indicate that changes in caregiving across lactation are driven by endogenous factors in the dams, age-related cues they receive from offspring, and interactions between these factors.

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“…Mice with genetically ablated MCH receptors displayed maternal aggression, poor nesting, deficits in pup retrieval, and impaired milk production [5]. It is suggested that MCH may only be needed to initiate maternal behavior and not to maintain it due to MCH injection into the POA being shown to decrease maternal behavior in rats [202]. In this context, the effect of the mother should be considered a symptom of inflammation and HPA dysregulation in need of support.…”

Section: Contributing Factors To Systemic Mch Dysregulation and Asdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathogenicity of Endocrine Dysregulation in Autism: The Role of the Melanin-Concentrating Hormone System

Swierczynski¹

2019

SciMed. J.

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The voluminous daily output of autism research has become increasingly disconnected, existing largely within highly specific subspecialty areas, and lacking cross-disciplinary linkages of context, theory, and findings to inform a unified body of knowledge. Robust syntheses of published research across the fields of psychiatry, cellular and molecular biology, neurology, endocrinology, immunology, behavioral and social sciences, and pedagogy may help clarify and extend current knowledge by guiding more efficient future research efforts investigating underlying causes, developmental divergences, novel treatments, and specific, sensitive biological markers in autism. This synthesis of interdisciplinary research indicates the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) stress axis may be at the center of an interaction among sex steroids, immune function, signaling protein transcriptions, neurogenesis, and dysregulation of brain structures sending or receiving projections from the HPA stress axis. These interactions manifest observably as a range of sexually dimorphic behaviors and functional limitations often falling within the current diagnostic features of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). The pathogenicity of endocrine dysregulation may serve as a valuable model for developing a cohesive theory of ASD by explaining how the HPA and connected brain areas respond to extreme conditions of dysregulated endocrine signaling to cause symptoms associated with autism.

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Hypocretinergic system in the medial preoptic area promotes maternal behavior in lactating rats

Cited by 17 publications

References 46 publications

Orexin/Hypocretin System: Role in Food and Drug Overconsumption

Orexin/Hypocretin System: Role in Food and Drug Overconsumption

Interaction between postpartum stage and litter age on maternal caregiving and medial preoptic area orexin

Pathogenicity of Endocrine Dysregulation in Autism: The Role of the Melanin-Concentrating Hormone System

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