Hypnotizability and Somatic Complaints:<i>A Gender-Specific Phenomenon</i>

Younger, Jarred; Rossetti, Gina; Borckardt, Jeffrey J.; Smith, Anthony; Tasso, Anthony F.; Nash, Michael R.

doi:10.1080/00207140600995745

Cited by 16 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…What was notable was that imagery predicted response to treatment, and there is some evidence that individuals with higher hypnotizability scores are more susceptible to certain illnesses such as posttraumatic stress disorder, which also responds well to hypnosis (Brown, 1918;Spiegel, Hunt, & Dondershine, 1988). Furthermore, we have shown that imagery is also related to noncolonic symptomatology, which is consistent with a report that individuals with high hypnotizability scores are more likely to suffer from somatic complaints (Younger et al, 2007). Thus, traits that contribute to hypnotizability may actually predispose to the very disorders that respond well to hypnosis, and it is tempting to speculate that this might also apply to IBS.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

Using Art to Help Understand the Imagery of Irritable Bowel Syndrome and Its Response to Hypnotherapy

Carruthers

Miller

Morris

et al. 2009

International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hypnosis

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A medical artist asked 109 patients if they had an image of their IBS pre- and posthypnotherapy, making precise watercolor paintings of any images described. Results were related to treatment outcome, symptoms, anxiety, depression, and absorption (hypnotizability); 49% of patients had an image, and a wide variety were recorded and painted. Imagery was significantly associated with gender (p < .05), anxiety (p < .05), noncolonic symptomatology (p < .05), and absorption (p = .001); 57.8% of responders compared with 35.5% of nonresponders to hypnotherapy had an image of their disease (p < .05) before treatment, and color images were associated with better outcomes (p = .05) than monochrome ones. All images changed in responders, often becoming more nonspecific in nature. Inquiring about IBS imagery helps to identify potential responders and nonresponders to hypnotherapy and may also provide insights into how patients think about their illness.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

Using Art to Help Understand the Imagery of Irritable Bowel Syndrome and Its Response to Hypnotherapy

Carruthers

Miller

Morris

et al. 2009

International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hypnosis

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“…Our results on left insular and cerebellar lobule IV peculiarities of highs totally fit with the findings by Ebisch and colleagues [59], suggesting that the changes of these brain structures could represent the correlate of the altered emotional processing reported in highs. In fact, higher emotional intensity during internal imagery [60], sensitivity and empathy [15], tendency to somatic complaints [61], and vividness of pain imagery [46] have been reported in highs. Furthermore, an fMRI study on a sample of highs revealed common activations of the left insula and left cerebellum, besides prefrontal and parietal cortices, during both hypnotically and physically [62].…”

Section: Cerebellummentioning

confidence: 99%

Cerebellar Structural Variations in Subjects with Different Hypnotizability

et al. 2018

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Hypnotizability-the proneness to accept suggestions and behave accordingly-has a number of physiological and behavioral correlates (postural, visuomotor, and pain control) which suggest a possible involvement of cerebellar function and/or structure. The present study was aimed at investigating the association between cerebellar macro- or micro-structural variations (analyzed through a voxel-based morphometry and a diffusion tensor imaging approach) and hypnotic susceptibility. We also estimated morphometric variations of cerebral gray matter structures, to support current evidence of hypnotizability-related differences in some cerebral areas. High (highs, N = 12), and low (lows, N = 37) hypnotizable healthy participants (according to the Stanford Hypnotic Susceptibility Scale, form A) were submitted to a high field (3 T) magnetic resonance imaging protocol. In comparison to lows, highs showed smaller gray matter volumes in left cerebellar lobules IV/V and VI at uncorrected level, with the results in left lobule IV/V maintained also at corrected level. Highs showed also gray matter volumes smaller than lows in right inferior temporal gyrus, middle and superior orbitofrontal cortex, parahippocampal gyrus, and supramarginal parietal gyrus, as well as in left gyrus rectus, insula, and middle temporal cortex at uncorrected level. Results of right inferior temporal gyrus survived also at corrected level. Analyses on micro-structural data failed to reveal any significant association. The here found morphological variations allow to extend the traditional cortico-centric view of hypnotizability to the cerebellar regions, suggesting that cerebellar peculiarities may sustain hypnotizability-related differences in sensorimotor integration and emotional control.

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“…Present findings do not allow to exclude that med-highs may exhibit a different association between ABP, PETCO2 and cerebral blood flow with respect to med-lows also when ABP increases. In this respect, it may be interesting that more frequent increases in systemic blood pressure are likely to occur in highs than in lows owing to their greater emotional intensity, empathy [69,70] and interoceptive sensitivity [12,69]. In addition, changes in synaptic glutamate due to tasks could induce increases in the astrocyte's calcium mediated dilatory action independently from systemic blood pressure [71].…”

Section: Limitations and Conclusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypnotizability-Related Cerebral Blood Flow

Rashid¹,

Santarcangelo²,

Roatta³

2022

Preprint

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Hypnotizability is a cognitive trait associated with differences in the brachial artery flow-mediated dilatation of individuals with high hypnotizability (highs) and low hypnotizability scores (lows). The study investigated possible hypnotizability-related cerebrovascular differences. Among 24 healthy volunteers the Stanford Hypnotic Susceptibility Scale Form A, identified 13 medium-to-lows (med-lows), 11 medium-to-highs (med-highs), 1 medium hypnotizable. Hypnotizability did not influence the significant changes produced by the trail making task (TMT), mental arithmetic task (MAT), hyperventilation (HVT) and rebreathing (RBT) on Heart rate (HR), arterial blood pressure (ABP) and partial pressure of end-tidal CO2 (PETCO2) and oxygenation (TOI); but moderated the correlations between the changes occurring during tasks with respect to basal conditions (Δ) in ABP and PETCO2 with MCAv. In HVT, med-lows exhibited a significant correlation between ΔMCAv and ΔPETCO2, med-highs showed a significant correlation between ΔABP and ΔMCAv; a significant correlation between ΔTHI and ΔTOI was observed in medium lows. Cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) and conductance (ΔCVCi) were significantly correlated with ΔMCAv in med-lows during HVT and RBT. Findings represent the first assessment of hypnotizability-related differences in the mechanisms controlling the middle cerebral artery flow velocity, cerebrovascular reactivity and conductance in response to hyperventilation and rebreathing.

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Hypnotizability and Somatic Complaints:A Gender-Specific Phenomenon

Cited by 16 publications

References 40 publications

Using Art to Help Understand the Imagery of Irritable Bowel Syndrome and Its Response to Hypnotherapy

Using Art to Help Understand the Imagery of Irritable Bowel Syndrome and Its Response to Hypnotherapy

Cerebellar Structural Variations in Subjects with Different Hypnotizability

Hypnotizability-Related Cerebral Blood Flow

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