Hypnosis and the treatment of smoking cessation and weight loss.

Green, Joseph P.

doi:10.1037/10282-010

Cited by 13 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…During deep relaxation, the participants were given suggestions targeted at switching their self-image from that of smokers to non-smokers. The suggestions contained elements of cognitive-behavioural approaches to hypnotherapy for smoking cessation [ 21 , 35 , 36 ]. Suggestions were made for the participants to use their power to resist smoking in tempting situations and to deal with symptoms such as mood swings or enhanced appetite following smoking cessation.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Group hypnosis vs. relaxation for smoking cessation in adults: a cluster-randomised controlled trial

2013

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BackgroundDespite the popularity of hypnotherapy for smoking cessation, the efficacy of this method is unclear. We aimed to investigate the efficacy of a single-session of group hypnotherapy for smoking cessation compared to relaxation in Swiss adult smokers.MethodsThis was a cluster-randomised, parallel-group, controlled trial. A single session of hypnosis or relaxation for smoking cessation was delivered to groups of smokers (median size = 11). Participants were 223 smokers consuming ≥ 5 cigarettes per day, willing to quit and not using cessation aids (47.1% females, M = 37.5 years [SD = 11.8], 86.1% Swiss). Nicotine withdrawal, smoking abstinence self-efficacy, and adverse reactions were assessed at a 2-week follow-up. The main outcome, self-reported 30-day point prevalence of smoking abstinence, was assessed at a 6-month follow up. Abstinence was validated through salivary analysis. Secondary outcomes included number of cigarettes smoked per day, smoking abstinence self-efficacy, and nicotine withdrawal.ResultsAt the 6-month follow up, 14.7% in the hypnosis group and 17.8% in the relaxation group were abstinent. The intervention had no effect on smoking status (p = .73) or on the number of cigarettes smoked per day (p = .56). Smoking abstinence self-efficacy did not differ between the interventions (p = .14) at the 2-week follow-up, but non-smokers in the hypnosis group experienced reduced withdrawal (p = .02). Both interventions produced few adverse reactions (p = .81).ConclusionsA single session of group hypnotherapy does not appear to be more effective for smoking cessation than a group relaxation session.Trial registrationCurrent Controlled Trials ISRCTN72839675.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Group hypnosis vs. relaxation for smoking cessation in adults: a cluster-randomised controlled trial

2013

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“…Hypnosis is a technique that can induce a state of consciousness characterized with the heightened susceptibility to suggestion (Mendelsohn, Chalamish, Solomonovich, & Dudai1, 2008). It has been used to help smokers to quit smoking (Green, 1999) and its efficacy has been assessed but with mixed results (Baillie, Mattick, Hall, & Webster, 1994; Barnes et al, 2010;Tahiri, Mottillo, Joseph, Pilote, & Eisenberg, 2012;Viswesvaran & Schmidt, 1992). Previous studies (Barnes et al, 2010) have shown a great variation in the quitting rates (from to 88%) 6 months after the hypnosis treatment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The top‐down regulation from the prefrontal cortex to insula via hypnotic aversion suggestions reduces smoking craving

Chen

et al. 2018

Human Brain Mapping

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Hypnosis has been shown to have treatment effects on nicotine addiction. However, the neural basis of these effects is poorly understood. This preliminary study investigated the neural mechanisms of hypnosis‐based treatment on cigarette smoking, specifically, whether the hypnosis involves a top‐down or bottom‐up mechanism. Two groups of 45 smokers underwent a smoking aversion suggestion and viewed smoking‐related pictures and neutral pictures. One group underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging scanning twice (control and hypnotic states), whereas the other group underwent two electroencephalograph sessions. Our study found that self‐reported smoking craving decreased in both groups following hypnosis. Smoking cue‐elicited activations in the right dorsal lateral prefrontal cortex (rDLPFC) and left insula (lI) and the functional connectivity between the rDLPFC and lI were increased in the hypnotic state compared with the control state. The delta band source waveforms indicated the activation from 390 to 862 ms at the rDLPFC and from 490 to 900 ms at the lI was significantly different between the smoking and neutral conditions in the hypnotic state, suggesting the activation in the rDLPFC preceded that in the lI. These results suggest that the decreased smoking craving via hypnotic aversion suggestions may arise from the top‐down regulation of the rDLPFC to the lI. Our findings provide novel neurobiological evidence for understanding the therapeutic effects of hypnosis on nicotine addiction, and the prefrontal–insula circuit may serve as an imaging biomarker to monitor the treatment efficacy noninvasively.

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“…During deep relaxation, the participants are given suggestions to switch their self-image from that of smokers to non-smokers. In addition, suggestions are made for the participants to use their power to resist smoking in tempting situations and to deal with symptoms such as mood swings or enhanced appetite, which may result as a consequence of smoking cessation [ 36 - 38 ]. At the end of the session, the participants are led back to full awareness.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Group hypnotherapy versus group relaxation for smoking cessation: an RCT study protocol

et al. 2012

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BackgroundA significant number of smokers would like to stop smoking. Despite the demonstrated efficacy of pharmacological smoking cessation treatments, many smokers are unwilling to use them; however, they are inclined to try alternative methods. Hypnosis has a long-standing reputation in smoking cessation therapy, but its efficacy has not been scientifically proven. We designed this randomised controlled trial to evaluate the effects of group hypnosis as a method for smoking cessation, and we will compare the results of group hypnosis with group relaxation.Methods/DesignThis is a randomised controlled trial (RCT) to compare the efficacy of a single session of hypnosis with that of relaxation performed in groups of 8-15 smokers. We intend to include at least 220 participants in our trial. The inclusion criteria include smoking at least 5 cigarettes per day, not using other cessation methods and being willing to quit smoking. The intervention is performed by a trained hypnotist/relaxation therapist. Both groups first receive 40 min of mental preparation that is based on motivational interviewing. Then, a state of deep relaxation is induced in the hypnosis condition, and superficial relaxation is induced in the control condition. Suggestions are made in the hypnosis condition that aim to switch the mental self-image of the participants from that of smokers to that of non-smokers. Each intervention lasts for 40 min. The participants also complete questionnaires that assess their smoking status and symptoms of depression and anxiety at baseline, 2 weeks and 6 months post-intervention. In addition, saliva samples are collected to assess cotinine levels at baseline and at 6 months post-intervention. We also assess nicotine withdrawal symptoms at 2 weeks post-intervention.DiscussionTo the best of our knowledge, this RCT is the first to test the efficacy of group hypnosis versus group relaxation. Issues requiring discussion in the outcome paper include the lack of standardisation of hypnotic interventions in smoking cessation, the debriefing of the participants, the effects of group dynamics and the reasons for dropouts.Trial registrationCurrent Controlled Trials, ISRCTN72839675.

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Hypnosis and the treatment of smoking cessation and weight loss.

Cited by 13 publications

References 25 publications

Group hypnosis vs. relaxation for smoking cessation in adults: a cluster-randomised controlled trial

Group hypnosis vs. relaxation for smoking cessation in adults: a cluster-randomised controlled trial

The top‐down regulation from the prefrontal cortex to insula via hypnotic aversion suggestions reduces smoking craving

Group hypnotherapy versus group relaxation for smoking cessation: an RCT study protocol

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