Hyphenated High Performance Liquid Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry Techniques for the Determination of Perfluorinated Alkylated Substances in Lombardia Region in Italy, Profile Levels and Assessment: One Year of Monitoring Activities During 2018

Barreca, Salvatore; Busetto, Maddalena; Colzani, Luisa; Clerici, Laura; Marchesi, Valeria; Tremolada, L.; Daverio, Daniela; Dellavedova, Pierluisa

doi:10.3390/separations7010017

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 17 publications

(20 reference statements)

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“…Also in this case, the concentrations detected are much higher than those measured in this work. More recently,Barreca et al (2020) reported PFOS concentrations between < LOQ and 29.4 ng L − 1 in 57 river water samples collected in northern Italy, values 13 times higher than those reported in this study (Table4) Llorens et al (2020).…”

contrasting

confidence: 56%

Perfluoroalkyl substances: a risk for the aquatic environment? A one-year case-study in river waters of Central Italy

Castellani,

Galletti,

Charavgis

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are a large class of persistent emerging pollutants, ubiquitous in different environmental compartments. In this study, twenty-one PFASs were determined in seventy-eight water samples collected from six different rivers in Umbria region (central Italy) during thirteen-months monitoring campaign. The sum of the twenty-one target analytes (Σ21PFASs) ranged from 2.0 to 68.5 ng L− 1, with a mean value of 22.0 ng L− 1. The highest concentrations of Σ21PFASs were recorded in the warmest months (from June to September), due to a reduced river streamflow caused by low rainfall and high temperatures. PFASs with a number of carbon atoms between four and nine prevail over C10-C18 congeners, due to their higher water solubility and to their increased use in industry. PFBA followed by PFPeA, PFHxA and PFOA, were the most abundant congeners detected in the analyzed river water samples. Finally, the calculation of risk quotients (∑RQs) has allowed to assess the risk for three aquatic organisms (fish, algae and daphnid) deriving from the exposure to PFASs. The survey showed that the risk for the three aquatic organisms during the four seasons and throughout the year was always negligible. The only exception was a low risk for fish and daphnid in GEN river considering the annual exposure.

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contrasting

confidence: 56%

Perfluoroalkyl substances: a risk for the aquatic environment? A one-year case-study in river waters of Central Italy

Castellani,

Galletti,

Charavgis

et al. 2024

Preprint

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“…Consequently, the mean S/N ratio was calculated with six replicates in every sample analysis and determined by the established GC-MS/MS method. Additionally, the LOQ could be confirmed in the method when the recovery was above 70% and the accuracy was less than 20% [19][20][21].…”

Section: Lod and Loqmentioning

confidence: 99%

Establishment and Validation of a GC–MS/MS Method for the Quantification of Penicillin G Residues in Poultry Eggs

Liu

Guo

Wang

et al. 2021

Foods

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A simple and sensitive gas chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (GC–MS/MS) method was established for the quantitative screening of penicillin G residues in chicken and duck eggs (whole egg, yolk and albumen). The analyte was separated on a TG-1MS capillary column (30.0 m × 0.25 mm i.d., 0.25 μm) with an external calibration method and electron impact (EI) ionization. Samples were pretreated using an accelerated solvent extraction (ASE) procedure followed by solid-phase extraction (SPE) on HLB cartridges (60 mg/3 mL). The derivative, which was safer and easier to store than penicillin G, was obtained by reacting trimethylsilyl diazomethane (TMSD) with penicillin G. The method was validated by the following parameters: linearity, accuracy, precision, limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ). The matrix-matched calibration curves had good linearity (R2 ≥ 0.9994) within the concentration range of LOQ–200.0 µg/kg for penicillin G in the sample matrices. In the same concentration range, the accuracy, in terms of recovery, was 80.31–94.50%; the relative standard deviation (RSD), intra-day RSD and inter-day RSD ranged from 1.24 to 3.44%, 2.13 to 4.82% and 2.74 to 6.13%, respectively. The LODs and LOQs of penicillin G in the matrices were in the ranges of 1.70–3.20 and 6.10–8.50 μg/kg, respectively. The applicability of the GC–MS/MS method was demonstrated by the determination of poultry eggs obtained from local markets with no penicillin G residues.

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“…Because of these strong properties, PFAS are classified as highly persistent pollutants [ 17 ]. Moreover, their resistance to chemical, biological, and physical factors suggests that the human impact on exposure from materials and consumer products is generally lower than that from drinking water and/or contaminated food, such as fish [ 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 ]. PFAS can accumulate in the human body and, as reported in the literature, their levels decrease slowly over time [ 23 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of Perfluorooctanoic Acid (PFOA) in the Indoor Dust Matter of the Sicily (Italy) Area: Analysis and Exposure Evaluations

Barreca,

Mancuso,

Sacristán

et al. 2023

Toxics

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Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) in environmental matrices is increasingly being studied due to its environmental persistence, global occurrence, bioaccumulation, and associated human health risks. Some indoor environments can significantly impact the health of occupants due to pollutants in indoor air and household dust. To investigate the potential exposure of individuals to PFOA in specific confined environments, this study reports an analytical method and results concerning the determination of PFOA in household dust, used as a passive sampler. To the best of our knowledge, this paper represents one of the first studies concerning PFOA concentrations in indoor dust collected in the south of Italy, within the European region. A total of twenty-three dust samples were collected from two different areas of Sicily (Palermo and Milena), extracted, and analyzed by an UHPLC-QTOF-MS/MS system. Finally, PFOA exposure was estimated using a new index (Indoor PFOA Exposure Index, IPEX) that incorporates the PFOA levels in dust, exposure time, and the correlation between the PFOA in dust and blood. It was then compared across four different exposure groups, revealing that PFOA exposure for people working in chemistry laboratories was evaluated to be ten times higher than the exposure for homemakers.

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Hyphenated High Performance Liquid Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry Techniques for the Determination of Perfluorinated Alkylated Substances in Lombardia Region in Italy, Profile Levels and Assessment: One Year of Monitoring Activities During 2018

Cited by 10 publications

References 17 publications

Perfluoroalkyl substances: a risk for the aquatic environment? A one-year case-study in river waters of Central Italy

Perfluoroalkyl substances: a risk for the aquatic environment? A one-year case-study in river waters of Central Italy

Establishment and Validation of a GC–MS/MS Method for the Quantification of Penicillin G Residues in Poultry Eggs

Determination of Perfluorooctanoic Acid (PFOA) in the Indoor Dust Matter of the Sicily (Italy) Area: Analysis and Exposure Evaluations

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