Hyphal tip organization inAllomyces arbuscula

Mechanisms of Hyphal Tip Growth: Tube Dwelling Amebae Revisited

“…The growing tip maintains its characteristic cytoskeletal organization, but this could be achieved by continuous dynamic apical remodeling and subapical reversion or forward motion of an unchanging apical array. Dynamic remodeling, as occurs in pseudopodia, seems most likely for both F-actin ensembles (Corrê a and Hoch, 1993;Jackson and Heath, 1993a;Doyle and Botstein, 1996;Waddle et al, 1996) and microtubules (Roos and Turian, 1977;Hoch and Staples, 1985;Roberson and Vargas, 1994;McDaniel and Roberson, 1998;Steinberg, Brill, Wedlich-Soeldner and Kahmann, unpublished;Morris, unpublished).…”

Hyphal Emergence and Outgrowth of Allomyces macrogynus in Aerated Cultures

“…There was a notable absence of vesicles in the apical zone of exclusion which contrasts with the presence of vesicles in older cultures of A. arbuscula (Roos and Turian 1977), though a recent paper by Turian et al (1985) shows relatively few vesicles in the apical zone of N. crassa.…”

“…In addition the organisms did not have the vesicles normally associated with wall synthesis in the fungi. The 'spitzenkorper' associated with multivesicular bodies is known to be absent from Allomyces species but Roos and Turian (1977) described the presence of vesicles in A. arbuscula hyphae. Their cultures had an age of at least 1!…”

Spatial and cellular localization of calcium-dependent protease (CDP II)inAllomyces arbuscula

“…Journal of Cell Science 116 (6) zone devoid of nuclei and mitochondria but are rich in spherical aggregates of vesicles and microbodies and a sub-apical zone containing centrally located nuclei, dispersed mitochondria and filamentous structures representing microfilaments and microtubules Roos and Turian, 1977;Howard, 1981). Likewise, physiological studies have demonstrated the existence of protons gradients, Ca 2+ and an abundance of cytoskeletal proteins in the tip region (Turian, 1981;Turian, 1983;Schmid and Harold, 1988;Jackson and Heath, 1993;Barja et al, 1991;Barja et al, 1993;Gow, 1994;Robson et al, 1996;Srinivasan et al, 1996;Hyde and Heath, 1997).…”

“…Cytoskeletal proteins, particularly the actins and tubulins, have also been shown to be abundantly present in the growing hyphal tips (Raudaskoski et al, 1991;Barja et al, 1991;Huber and Ojha, 1994). The ultrastructural studies of hyphal tips had already shown an abundance of microtubules and microfilament in the tip region of the hyphae (Roos and Turian, 1977;Howard, 1981;Vargas et al, 1993), suggesting that these elements are probably involved in the maintenance of form and growth of the tips. Our finding that CDP II localized to the same region led us to assume that this colocalization must have some meaning.…”