Hyperuricemia as a Risk Factor of Arterial Hypertension

Abstract

HYPERURICEMIA AS A RISK FACTOR OF ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION. Introduction. Among the population of Central and Eastern Europe, hyperuricemia (HU) prevalence is 28 % in female and 23 % in male. In 2018, European Society of Hypertension has officially included HU to the independent risk factors for AH. Objective: to integrate literature and own data that reflect contemporary views on the role of hyperuricemia in the progression of arterial hypertension and study the early effects of hyperuricemia on endothelial dysfunction. Materials and methods. Total of 382 persons were analyzed to evaluate the prevalence of hyperuricemia in Sumy region. To study the early effects of hyperuricemia on endothelial dysfunction in normotensive patients two groups were formed: 31 patients with UA < 400 μmol/l (1 st group) and 29 patients with UA > 400 μmol/l (2 nd group). The groups were comparable in age and sex. Test with reactive hyperemia for estimation of endotheliumdependent vasodilation (EDVD) was performed using the ultrasound system SonoScape S6. Increasing of brachial artery diameter less than 10 % during the test with reactive hyperemia was considered as a criterion of endothelial dysfunction. Results: the prevalence of hyperuricemia in Sumy region is about 42 % for normotensive patients and 51 %in hypertension patients from total cohort 382. Daily BP monitoring demonstrated daytime systolic blood pressure (DaySBP) 118 mmHg and daytime diastolic blood pressure (DayDBP) 72 mmHg in the 1 st group; and in the 2 nd group these were: DaySBP 130 mmHg, DayDBP 80 mmHg (р < 0.05). Analysis of baseline levels of EDVD shows significant difference between groups: 12.9 % and 9.6 % in the 1 st group and 2 nd group, respectively (р < 0.05). The average UA level in the 1 st group was 328 ± 24 μmol/l; in the 2 nd group-469 ± 34 μmol/l. The negative correlation was obtained between the level of UA and EDVD:-0.32 in the 1st group and-0.48 in the 2nd group (p < 0.05). Conclusion. Study results demonstrated high prevalence of HU both in hypertensive and normotensive patients. Statistically significant relationship between endothelium-dependent vasodilation and uric acid levels in patients was established.