Hyperthermic Mitomycin C in Intermediate-risk Non–muscle-invasive Bladder Cancer: Results of the HIVEC-1 Trial

Treatment of Low-grade Intermediate-risk Nonmuscle-invasive Bladder Cancer With UGN-102 ± Transurethral Resection of Bladder Tumor Compared to Transurethral Resection of Bladder Tumor Monotherapy: A Randomized, Controlled, Phase 3 Trial (ATLAS)

“…15,16 Au et al and others have shown that the efficacy of intravesical drug treatment of urothelial cancer is directly related to increasing drug concentration and dwell time. 17-21 Recent studies employing dose-intensive administration of aqueous mitomycin as primary therapy for LG NMIBC demonstrate the validity of this observation, achieving CR rates ranging from 50%-60%, but required frequent drug administration at short intervals that are cumbersome and impractical for routine patient care. 22-24…”

“…15,16 Au et al and others have shown that the efficacy of intravesical drug treatment of urothelial cancer is directly related to increasing drug concentration and dwell time. [17][18][19][20][21] Recent studies employing dose-intensive administration of aqueous mitomycin as primary therapy for LG NMIBC demonstrate the validity of this observation, achieving CR rates ranging from 50%-60%, but required frequent drug administration at short intervals that are cumbersome and impractical for routine patient care. [22][23][24] Reverse thermal gels are useful for drug delivery and are particularly well suited for use in the urinary tract where dilution by continuous urine production and excretion by bladder contraction limit the therapeutic effect of aqueous medications.…”

The Efficacy and Safety of Hyperthermic Intravesical Chemotherapy Compared with Other Instillation Methods in Treating Intermediate- and High-Risk Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

“…10 were excluded due to the lack of complete and useful data. Finally, our study included 9 articles and 10 diferent RCTs [12,[18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25]. Te study by Daniel A. in 2020 recorded two RCTs that have diferent control groups and are independent of each other.…”

“…Eight RCTs [12,18,19,[21][22][23][24][25] and 1200 patients (599 in the HIVEC group and 601 in the other instillation group) were involved in collecting the number of relapses (Figure 3). All patients had intermediate to high-risk non-muscle invasive bladder cancer.…”

Efficacy of Different Bacillus of Calmette-Guérin (BCG) Strains on Recurrence Rates among Intermediate/High-Risk Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancers (NMIBCs): Single-Arm Study Systematic Review, Cumulative and Network Meta-Analysis

“…The subsequent end of production of the BCG Connaught strain in 2012 resulted in a global shortage of BCG, for which European Association of Urology (EAU) Guidelines developed a statement by the NMIBC Panel exploring the possible available options including reduced maintenance schedule and frequency or alternative treatments such as device-assisted chemotherapy instillations (microwave-induced hyperthermia [RITE] or electromotive drug administration [EMDA]) [ 6 ]. Unfortunately, in most cases, these options are experimental or less effective while significantly more expensive, highlighting the issues of BCG shortages [ 7 , 8 ].…”