Hypertensive Vasculopathy

Touyz, Rhian M.; Montezano, Augusto C

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-37078-6_51

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

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“…Lobar microbleeds in CAA are typically caused by vessel fragility and rupture following the progressive deposition of amyloid beta within the vessel ( Viswanathan and Greenberg, 2011 ). Hyperintensive vasculopathy describes endothelial dysfunction and arterial remodeling which is often associated with hypertension ( Touyz and Montezano, 2015 ). In hyperintensive vasculopathy, total peripheral vascular resistance increases with age due to a gradual decrease in lumen diameter.…”

Section: Vascular Changesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brain aging mechanisms with mechanical manifestations

Blinkouskaya

Caçoilo

Gollamudi

et al. 2021

Mechanisms of Ageing and Development

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Brain aging is a complex process that affects everything from the subcellular to the organ level, begins early in life, and accelerates with age. Morphologically, brain aging is primarily characterized by brain volume loss, cortical thinning, white matter degradation, loss of gyrification, and ventricular enlargement. Pathophysiologically, brain aging is associated with neuron cell shrinking, dendritic degeneration, demyelination, small vessel disease, metabolic slowing, microglial activation, and the formation of white matter lesions. In recent years, the mechanics community has demonstrated increasing interest in modeling the brain’s (bio)mechanical behavior and uses constitutive modeling to predict shape changes of anatomically accurate finite element brain models in health and disease. Here, we pursue two objectives. First, we review existing imaging-based data on white and gray matter atrophy rates and organ-level aging patterns. This data is required to calibrate and validate constitutive brain models. Second, we review the most critical cell- and tissue-level aging mechanisms that drive white and gray matter changes. We focuse on aging mechanisms that ultimately manifest as organ-level shape changes based on the idea that the integration of imaging and mechanical modeling may help identify the tipping point when normal aging ends and pathological neurodegeneration begins.

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Section: Vascular Changesmentioning

confidence: 99%