Hypertension prevalence and living conditions related to air pollution: results of a national epidemiological study in Lebanon

Salameh, Pascale; Chahine, Mirna N.; Hallit, Souheil; Farah, Rita; Zeidan, Rouba Karen; Asmar, Roland; Hosseiny, Hassan

doi:10.1007/s11356-018-1411-x

Cited by 13 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Although not the original focus of this study, remarkably ischemic stroke was found to be associated with outdoor pollution, notably residing 100 m from a congested road and/or an electricity generator. Indeed, it is generally known that even minor geographical changes can have a significant impact on exposure to air pollution and consequently the probability of negative health consequences [ 84 , 85 , 86 ]. Chronic exposure to outdoor pollution and stroke, particularly fine particulate matter, has sparked the interest of researchers, who believe that those who live in more polluted areas are more likely to experience strokes [ 22 , 23 , 24 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eating Behaviors, Lifestyle, and Ischemic Stroke: A Lebanese Case-Control Study

Maalouf

Hallit

Salameh

et al. 2023

IJERPH

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Background: Stroke is the second leading cause of death and the third leading cause of disability on a global scale. Most clinicians tend to underestimate the importance of diet and inadequate or dysfunctional eating attitudes in patients with a complicated relationship with food. Concerned about the potential of an independent Lebanese approach, and also because prior international research has revealed a link between eating intake or choice and ischemic stroke risk, it was considered vital to broaden the scope of the literature and evaluate further the association of disordered eating attitudes and focus on the distinct relationship with food in the case of orthorexia nervosa (ON) in the Lebanese community. Consequently, the purpose of the present study is to investigate the potential association between pre-existing disordered eating attitudes, specifically ON, and ischemic stroke risk, with an emphasis on the evidence supporting a Mediterranean-style diet. Methods: This research is a case-control survey study involving 113 Lebanese individuals with ischemic stroke and 451 age-(within 5 years) and sex-matched controls recruited from several hospitals in Lebanon (April 2020–April 2021). Results: According to the findings of our first regression model, living 100 m from a crowded road (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 3.421, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.585–7.387), living 100 m from an electricity generator (aOR: 3.686, 95% CI: 1.681–8.085), higher waterpipe dependence (aOR: 1.204, 95% CI: 1.117–1.297), higher exposure to passive smoking (aOR: 2.651, 95% CI: 2.051–3.426), being married (aOR: 3.545, 95% CI: 1.297–9.689), having a low educational attainment (aOR: 0.239, 95% CI: 0.084–0.679), vigorous physical activity (aOR: 1.003, 95% CI: 1.001–1.006), and having more inappropriate eating (aOR: 1.040, 95% CI: 1.006–1.074) were all associated with higher odds of having ischemic stroke. Furthermore, atrial fibrillation (aOR: 2.945, 95% CI: 1.010–8.585), diabetes (aOR: 2.550, 95% CI: 1.169–5.561), heart diseases (aOR: 6.193, 95% CI: 2.196–17.463), and hypertension (aOR: 2.744, 95% CI: 1.049–7.180) were also linked to an increased risk of stroke. Moreover, having more orthorexia nervosa tendencies (aOR: 1.123, 95% CI: 1.021–1.235) was related to a higher odds of having an ischemic stroke, whereas better adherence to the MeD was significantly linked (aOR: 0.691, 95% CI: 0.583–0.819) to lower odds of ischemic stroke. Conclusions: Ischemic stroke patients were more likely to have disordered eating attitudes and orthorexic behaviors. Furthermore, the MeD has been found to be beneficial in reducing ischemic stroke risk. Despite the study’s focus, outdoor pollution, waterpipe dependence, and passive smoking were linked to ischemic stroke. In summary, this review suggests that improving one’s nutritional status and making a few lifestyle changes are key stroke prevention and treatment methods.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eating Behaviors, Lifestyle, and Ischemic Stroke: A Lebanese Case-Control Study

Maalouf

Hallit

Salameh

et al. 2023

IJERPH

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“…However, most previous studies on smoking and hypertension lacked the control of environmental exposure. As an important pollutant in the atmosphere, PM 2.5 has frequently appeared in hypertension risk factor studies ( 13 , 14 ), and multiple studies have focused on the elderly, supporting the possibility that smoking might lead to an increase in BP ( 15 , 16 ). In addition, studies regarding long-term exposure to green space have indicated that the odds of hypertension are related to the green space exposure ( 17 ), and some studies have claimed that living near green spaces may reduce the risk of hypertension ( 18 , 19 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between smoking and hypertension under different PM2.5 and green space exposure: A nationwide cross-sectional study

Chen

Geng

et al. 2022

Front. Public Health

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BackgroundSmoking has been widely reported to have a significant relationship with hypertension, but the past description of this relationship has not been uniform. In addition, there has been a lack of research to discuss the impact of environmental exposure on the relationship between smoking and hypertension. Therefore, this study estimates the association between smoking and hypertension in middle aged and elderly people in China under different PM2.5 (fine particulate matter) concentrations and the green space exposure conditions.MethodsIndividual sample data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study in 2018 and the long-term average exposure concentration of fine particles and green space exposure for all participants were used with a multilevel binary logistic mixed effects model. Adjustments were made for sociodemographic characteristics and other health behaviors including drinking, physical activity, and social activity. The normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and PM2.5 concentration stratification were assigned with the median of the population exposure concentration as the dividing line, and the dual environmental factor stratification was assigned in combination with the two types of environmental exposure. The analysis was also stratified using age groups.ResultsA total of 10,600 participants over the age of 45 were included in the study. The effects of smoking on hypertension were diverse under different environmental exposure conditions. There was a significant relationship between smoking behavior and hypertension in the Low-NDVI group, and the effect value of this relationship was significantly different from that in the High-NDVI group. Furthermore, for respondents exposed to low green spaces and high PM2.5 environments at the same time (Low-NDVI/High-PM2.5 group), their smoking behavior may lead to an increase in the risk of hypertension. In addition, the risk of hypertension caused by smoking in the middle-aged (45–64) was significant under low green space exposure, but the effect difference between the different age groups was not significant.ConclusionsThe relationship between smoking and hypertension was different under different environmental exposure conditions. Exposure to low green spaces may strengthen the association between smoking and hypertension risk. When participants were exposed to both low green spaces and high PM2.5 concentrations, the risk of hypertension caused by smoking was significantly higher than that of those who were exposed to high green spaces and low PM2.5 concentrations.

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“…This crisis received international media attention. Moreover, airborne pollution is found to increase respiratory and cardiovascular diseases in Lebanon (Nakhle et al, 2015;Salameh et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hedonic housing prices and environmental quality in Lebanon

Marrouch

Sayour

2021

IJHMA

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Purpose This study aims to examine the impact of local air pollution on housing prices in Lebanon. Design/methodology/approach The authors apply a hedonic pricing approach using a unique data set from Lebanon. To account for non-linearities in pricing, the authors use three different functional regression forms for the hedonic model approach. The authors also deal with potential omitted variable bias by estimating a hedonic frontier specification. Findings The authors find that, in all specifications, air pollution negatively and significantly affects housing prices. The estimated marginal willingness to pay for a one microgram per cubic meter change in particulate matter (PM10) concentration ranges between 2.88% and 3.18% of mean housing prices. The authors also provide evidence of a negative pricing gradient away from the city center, landing support for the monocentric urban development hypothesis. Research limitations/implications Given the lack of a data set linking household socioeconomic characteristics with housing data, the authors only consider the first-stage hedonic model. Practical implications The proposed hedonic pricing regression approximates a housing pricing equation that can be used by policymakers. Social implications The findings suggest that pollution is a significant factor in household behavior in Lebanon. Originality/value This paper adds to the scant literature studying the effects of air pollution on housing prices in developing countries. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first paper to study the impact of pollution on housing prices in a country in the Middle East and North Africa Region.

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Hypertension prevalence and living conditions related to air pollution: results of a national epidemiological study in Lebanon

Cited by 13 publications

References 51 publications

Eating Behaviors, Lifestyle, and Ischemic Stroke: A Lebanese Case-Control Study

Eating Behaviors, Lifestyle, and Ischemic Stroke: A Lebanese Case-Control Study

Association between smoking and hypertension under different PM2.5 and green space exposure: A nationwide cross-sectional study

Hedonic housing prices and environmental quality in Lebanon

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