Hypertension Is Associated with Increased Risk of Diabetic Lung

Abstract

Lung function is often impaired in diabetic patients, especially in a restrictive pattern, which has recently been described as the diabetic lung. Since hypertension (HTN) is common in diabetic patients, our study investigated whether HTN acts as an aggravating factor in diabetic lung. Within the cross-sectional study from the 6th Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), blood pressure (BP), pulmonary function, and laboratory data were examined in 4644 subjects aged between 40 and 79 years. A multivariate regression model was used to investigate the relationship between BP, FPG, and pulmonary function. Lung function was significantly reduced in the HTN (p = 0.001), impaired fasting glucose (IFG) (p < 0.001), and diabetes mellitus (DM) (p < 0.001) groups. Next, a multivariate logistic regression model was used to derive the odds ratio (OR) of reduced lung function based on the presence of IFG, DM, and HTN. The OR of reduced forced vital capacity (FVCp < 80%) was 3.30 (p < 0.001) in the HTN-DM group and 2.30 (p < 0.001) in the normal BP-DM group, when compared with the normal BP-normal FPG group. The combination of HTN and DM had the strongest negative effect on FVC. The results presented in this study indicate that diabetes and hypertension have a synergistic association with impaired lung function.

The effect of metabolic health and obesity on lung function: A cross sectional study of 114,143 participants from Kangbuk Samsung Health Study

“…Although our findings are similar to the results of a previous study [ 12 ], there were differences. Compared to our current study, the previous study included many more subjects with overt diabetes and hypertension (more than 30% of the sample), which are associated with impaired lung function [ 14 ]. Especially, prevalence of diabetes was 13 times higher in the MUHO group than our current study (11.7% vs 0.9%).…”

“…Especially, prevalence of diabetes was 13 times higher in the MUHO group than our current study (11.7% vs 0.9%). Given that hypertension is common among patients with diabetes and the combination of hypertension and diabetes had the strongest negative effect on lung function [ 14 ], the low spirometric values in the MUHO group can be explained despite the beneficial role of obesity. In addition, diabetes and hypertension contribute to development of cardiovascular diseases [ 25 ].…”

“…However, this study used Choi’s reference equations, which have not been validated for normal populations and are known to present differences from observed values [ 13 ]. Furthermore, about one third of the study subjects had diabetes (34%) and hypertension (37.7%) both of which are themselves related to impaired lung function [ 14 ], regardless of metabolic unhealthy (MUH). Consequently, the previous study alone is not sufficient to determine the effect of MHO on lung function.…”

Association of Pulmonary Function Decline over Time with Longitudinal Change of Glycated Hemoglobin in Participants without Diabetes Mellitus

“…The annular decline of pulmonary function was correlated with an ethnic difference, age, gender, smoke habit, diabetes, hypertension, and COPD [17][18][19][20][21], so we only enrolled participants without prior diabetes, hypertension, and COPD. There were some population-based studies to evaluate the annular decline in FEV1 and FVC.…”

IoT-based Technologies for Addressing the Unique Healthcare Needs of the Elderly Population

“…This, accompanied by consuming salty foods, lack of regular exercise, and obesity, leads to organ failures [122,123]. Prolonged Hypertension negatively affects the health and performance of the brain [124], liver [125], lungs [126], and kidney [127]. In today's world, where stress is hyped as a sign of performance and a way to climb up the career ladder, people have little concern for the early signs of hypertension [128].…”