Hypertension, hyperinsulinaemia and obesity in middle-aged Finns with impaired glucose tolerance

Qiao, Qing; Rajala, Ulla; Keinänen‐Kiukaanniemi, Sirkka

doi:10.1038/sj.jhh.1000602

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Obesity is one of several risk factors underlying hypertension (1). Extensive epidemiological studies from the United States and other countries have shown that the prevalence of hypertension is clearly increased among overweight persons (6,13,17,19,21,25,26). Viewed in this context, the present observation that the orexigenic peptides orexin A and B acting in the medulla may enhance medullary sympathetic outflow raises an interesting possibility that the peptide may be one of the common denominators contributing to high blood pressure and obesity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

Pressor effects of orexins injected intracisternally and to rostral ventrolateral medulla of anesthetized rats

Chen

Hwang

Chang

et al. 2000

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comp

162

146

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Orexin A and B, two recently isolated hypothalamic peptides, have been reported to increase food consumption upon intracerebroventricular injections in rats. In addition to the hypothalamus, orexin A-immunoreactive fibers have been observed in several areas of the medulla that are associated with cardiovascular functions. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the hypothesis that orexins may influence cardiovascular response by interacting with neurons in the medulla. Intracisternal injections of orexins A (0.0056-7.0 nmol) or B (0.028-0.28 nmol) dose dependently increased mean arterial pressure (MAP) by 4-27 mmHg and heart rate (HR) by 26-80 beats/min in urethan-anesthetized rats, with orexin A being more effective in this regard. MAP and HR were not changed by intravenous injection of orexins at higher concentrations. Microinjection of orexin A (14 pmol/50.6 nl) to the rostral ventrolateral medulla, which was confirmed by histological examination, increased MAP and HR. Our results indicate that, in addition to a role in positive feeding behavior, orexins may enhance cardiovascular response via an action on medullary neurons.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

Pressor effects of orexins injected intracisternally and to rostral ventrolateral medulla of anesthetized rats

Chen

Hwang

Chang

et al. 2000

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comp

162

146

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…There is also a substantive range of insulin levels that occurs even before insulin resistance become clinically significant (26,27). Elevated insulin levels precede other pathophysiological changes, such as weight gain, hyperglycaemia, hypertension, and cardiac function loss, by as much as 10 to 15 years (28)(29)(30)(31), although it is unclear if the similar effects occur in the brains of younger and middle aged people.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peripheral insulin resistance attenuates cerebral glucose metabolism and impairs working memory in healthy adults

Deery,

Liang,

Di Paolo

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Research suggests that cerebral metabolic rates of glucose (CMRGLC) decline with age. However, only a small body of research has taken into account partial volume effects in PET imaging and age-related reductions in cortical thickness. Separate research suggests that levels of peripheral insulin resistance may be a biomarker for functional brain changes. Thirty-six younger (mean 27.8 years) and 43 older (mean 75.5) participants completed a blood and cognitive tests battery and a simultaneous 90-minute MR/PET scan. Cortical thickness and CMRGLCwere derived using the Schaefer 100 atlas, and major subcortical structures. Insulin resistance was measured with the Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR). Older adults had lower CMRGLCthan younger adults across most regions, an effect that was mediated in part but not in full by age-related lower cortical thickness. Age x HOMA-IR interaction analysis showed that a 10% increase in insulin resistance was associated with 2% to 8% lower CMRGLCin younger adults across regions, with smaller reductions in older adults. Higher CMRGLCin the ventral attention, control and default networks was associated with better executive function, attention and processing seed. These results suggest that the age-related cerebral metabolism reductions are partly mediated by cortical atrophy, whereas insulin resistance associations with CMRGLCare moderated by age.

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“…Estudos em animais (Oscai, 1989;Qiao et al, 1998) (Gilmore, 1974). As conseqüências do estresse no sistema cardiovascular parecem ser decorrentes da influência do sistema nervoso autônomo.…”

Section: -Treinamento Físico E Composição Corporalunclassified

Efeito do treinamento físico no controle autonômico e nas variáveis hemodinâmicas de crianças obesas

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Hypertension, hyperinsulinaemia and obesity in middle-aged Finns with impaired glucose tolerance

Cited by 9 publications

References 28 publications

Pressor effects of orexins injected intracisternally and to rostral ventrolateral medulla of anesthetized rats

Pressor effects of orexins injected intracisternally and to rostral ventrolateral medulla of anesthetized rats

Peripheral insulin resistance attenuates cerebral glucose metabolism and impairs working memory in healthy adults

Efeito do treinamento físico no controle autonômico e nas variáveis hemodinâmicas de crianças obesas

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