Hypertension and its associated factors among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in a tertiary care centre in South India: A cross-sectional study

Abstract

Background: Hypertension (HTN) is a serious risk factor for cardio-vascular disease which is the leading cause of mortality among type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. There is insufficient data regarding prevalence of hypertension among T2DM patients. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of hypertension and its associated factors among T2DM patients attending the preventive diabetes clinic at KLEs Dr Prabhakar Kore Hospital, Belagavi. Materials and Methods: An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted from November 2019 to January 2020 done among 522 T2DM patients who presented to the preventive diabetes clinic. Data were collected using an interviewer-administered questionnaire. Written informed consent was obtained from each participant. Results: There were 522 participants with a mean age of 49.81 ± 9.53. Three hundred and sixty-nine (70.7%) of the study participants were 40 years old and above. The prevalence of hypertension among T2DM was 57.7%. The majority (41.8%) of hypertensive patients were stage 1. Age, education status, BMI and tobacco use were significantly associated with HTN in the multivariable analysis. Conclusions: The prevalence of hypertension was high. Patients who are both hypertensive and diabetic are at an increased risk of cardio-vascular disease. Health screening and health promotion will ensure that the patients are prudent regarding their health.