Hypertension and Exercise Training Differentially Affect Oxytocin and Oxytocin Receptor Expression in the Brain

Martins, Adriano S.; Crescenzi, Alessandra; Stern, Javier E.; Bordin, Silvana; Michelini, Lisete Compagno

doi:10.1161/01.hyp.0000175812.03322.59

Cited by 88 publications

(125 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…We have demonstrated that male SHR submitted to 3 months of low-intensity aerobic training during the established phase of hypertension exhibited an 8-10% fall in mean arterial pressure (MAP, Figure 1) (22,23,25,33,34,(36)(37)(38). These results agree with those reported by other authors who have evaluated the effects of exercise training in hypertensive humans (40,41,46,47) and animals (2,39).…”

Section: Effects Of Training On Blood Pressure Levelssupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Some studies have shown that exercise training causes a significant reduction of intrinsic heart rate (48). Martins et al (36) and Higa-Taniguchi et al (37) also demonstrated that training-induced resting bradycardia was accompanied by increased oxytocin mRNA expression and increased oxytocin content within the dorsal brainstem (including the nucleus tractus solitarii, NTS) and the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus, DMV) of both WKY and SHR groups. In previous studies, we have already shown that activation of oxytocinergic projections from the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) of the hypothalamus to the NTS-DMV area in trained individuals caused a great improvement of the vagal tonus to the heart, which contributes to the appearance of resting bradycardia in trained WKY and SHR (10,37).…”

Section: Effects Of Training On Blood Pressure Levelsmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Aerobic training is currently recommended as a potent coadjuvant of the pharmacological treatment of hypertension, mainly because it attenuates (but does not normalize) resting blood pressure in hypertensive animals (2,22,23,25,(34)(35)(36)(37)(38)(39) and humans (40,41).…”

Section: Mechanisms Conditioning Training-induced Hemodynamic Changesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition to a pressure fall, a heart rate reduction is also present in male and female SHR, in other animal models as well as in human hypertension (2,3,5,25,26,34,(36)(37)(38)(39)(40)(41). Indeed, resting bradycardia is an important marker of exercise training.…”

Section: Effects Of Training On Blood Pressure Levelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of gender on training-induced vascular remodeling in SHR

Amaral

Michelini

2011

Braz J Med Biol Res

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There is accumulating evidence that physical inactivity, associated with the modern sedentary lifestyle, is a major determinant of hypertension. It represents the most important modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, which are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality for both men and women. In addition to involving sympathetic overactivity that alters hemodynamic parameters, hypertension is accompanied by several abnormalities in the skeletal muscle circulation including vessel rarefaction and increased arteriole wall-to-lumen ratio, which contribute to increased total peripheral resistance. Low-intensity aerobic training is a promising tool for the prevention, treatment and control of high blood pressure, but its efficacy may differ between men and women and between male and female animals. This review focuses on peripheral training-induced adaptations that contribute to a blood pressure-lowering effect, with special attention to differential responses in male and female spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Heart, diaphragm and skeletal muscle arterioles (but not kidney arterioles) undergo eutrophic outward remodeling in trained male SHR, which contributed to a reduction of peripheral resistance and to a pressure fall. In contrast, trained female SHR showed no change in arteriole wall-to-lumen ratio and no pressure fall. On the other hand, training-induced adaptive changes in capillaries and venules (increased density) were similar in male and female SHR, supporting a similar hyperemic response to exercise.

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Section: Effects Of Training On Blood Pressure Levelssupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Effects Of Training On Blood Pressure Levelsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Mechanisms Conditioning Training-induced Hemodynamic Changesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Effects Of Training On Blood Pressure Levelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Effect of gender on training-induced vascular remodeling in SHR

Amaral

Michelini

2011

Braz J Med Biol Res

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“…In the hypothalamus, oxytocin mRNA expression is limited primarily to the PVN and supraoptic nucleus (SON) (Jing et al, 1998;Martins et al, 2005). ABA images revealed that the probe hybridized also in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), whereas other sources disclose that the SCN does not contain oxytocin RNA, however, it displays a very high content of relatively homologous vasopressin mRNA.…”

Section: A Subjective View On Aba Imagesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the network of feeding neuroregulators using the Allen Brain Atlas

Olszewski

Cedernaes

Olsson

et al. 2008

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews

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The Allen Brain Atlas, the most comprehensive in situ hybridization database, covers over 21000 genes expressed in the mouse brain. Here we discuss the feasibility to utilize the ABA in research pertaining to the central regulation of feeding and we define advantages and vulnerabilities associated with the use of the atlas as a guidance tool. We searched for 57 feeding-related genes in the ABA, and of those 42 display distribution consistent with that described in previous reports. Detailed analyses of these 42 genes in the nucleus accumbens, ventral tegmental area, nucleus of the solitary tract, lateral hypothalamus, arcuate, paraventricular, ventromedial and dorsomedial nuclei suggests that molecules involved in feeding stimulation and termination are coexpressed in multiple consumption-related sites. Gene systems linked to energy needs, reward or satiation display a remarkably high level of overlap. This conclusion calls into question the classical concept of brain sites viewed as independent hunger or reward "centers" and favors the theory of a widespread feeding network comprising multiple neuroregulators affecting numerous aspects of consumption. KeywordsCNS; food intake; obesity; anorexia; neuropeptides The Allen Brain Atlas: Brief OverviewThe human brain is undoubtedly the organ of the body that we have the least knowledge about in relationship to its complexity. It has been estimated that 99% of the neuroscience literature focuses on only 1% of the genes expressed in the brain (Gewin, 2005). Deciphering spatial gene expression patterns in the central nervous system is crucial for our understanding of functional neuronal networks. It has been speculated that "in the brain, more than any other organ, function follows form" (Gewin, 2005).Correspondence and reprint requests should be addressed to: Pawel K. Olszewski, Ph.D. Department of Neuroscience, Uppsala University, BMC, Box 593, 751 24 Uppsala, Sweden. Tel ++46184714362 Fax ++4618511540 E-mail: pawel.olszewski@neuro.uu.se. Publisher's Disclaimer: This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final citable form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. Gong et al., 2003)]. Moreover, it also contains expression patterns from transgenic mouse lines that express green fluorescent protein (EGFP) reporter gene in cells that normally express a gene of interest. The GENSAT provides comprehensive information about the limited number of the mapped genes. Another project is the GenePaint atlas (www.genepaint.org), which displays in situ hybridization data of several thousand genes in selected sections of whole mouse embryos at embryonic day (E) 14.5 and as well as some genes in E10.5 embryos, E1...

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Endocrine‐Autonomic Linkages

Sladek

Michelini

Stachenfeld

et al. 2015

Comprehensive Physiology

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Interaction between the autonomic nervous system and the neuroendocrine system is critical for maintenance of homeostasis in a wide variety of physiological parameters such as body temperature, fluid and electrolyte balance, and blood pressure and volume. The anatomical and physiological mechanisms underlying integration of the neuroendocrine and autonomic mechanisms responsible for eliciting integrated autonomic and neuroendocrine actions are the focus of this article. This includes a focus on the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus, because it includes both neuroendocrine neurons and preganglionic autonomic neurons that regulate sympathetic and parasympathetic outflow. The "wired" and "nonwired" mechanisms within PVN that facilitate communication between these neuronal populations are described. The impact of peripheral hormones, specifically the adrenal and gonadal steroids, on the neuroendocrine and autonomic systems is discussed, and exercise is used as a specific example of a physiological challenge/stress that requires precise integration of neuroendocrine and autonomic responses to maintain cardiovascular, fluid, and energy homeostasis.

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Hypertension and Exercise Training Differentially Affect Oxytocin and Oxytocin Receptor Expression in the Brain

Cited by 88 publications

References 36 publications

Effect of gender on training-induced vascular remodeling in SHR

Effect of gender on training-induced vascular remodeling in SHR

Analysis of the network of feeding neuroregulators using the Allen Brain Atlas

Endocrine‐Autonomic Linkages

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