Hypertension and dietary patterns of the adult population. Results of the Russian epidemiological study ESSE-RF

Карамнова, Н. С.; Максимов, С. А.; Шальнова, С. А.; Баланова, Ю. А.; Евстифеева, С. Е.; Имаева, А. Э.; Капустина, А. В.; Муромцева, Г. А.; Швабская, О. Б.; Драпкина, О. М.

doi:10.15829/1728-8800-2020-2570

Cited by 6 publications

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References 15 publications

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“…Данные настоящего исследования демонстрируют более высокую приверженность среди лиц с ИМ, СД к рациону ЗП и кардиопротективному типу питания, чаще это отмечается среди мужчин. Эти результаты согласуются с ранее опубликованными данными исследования ЭССЕ-РФ по анализу привычек питания лиц с АГ, демонстрирующие также более высокую приверженность к здоровому и кардиопротективному питанию среди мужчин с АГ, регулярно принимающих лекарственную терапию [10]. Основываясь на этих результатах, можно заключить, что мужчины, страдающие заболева-здоровыми отмечаются единичные изменения в питании только у женщин в виде снижения избыточного потребления соли и совсем отсутствуют у мужчин.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Associations of eating and drinking habits with cardiovascular disease and diabetes in the adult population: data from the ESSE-RF epidemiological study

Карамнова¹,

Рытова²,

Швабская³

et al. 2021

Cardiovasc Ther Prev

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The presence of a disease, the prognosis of which can be improved by dietary modification, motivates a patient to change their eating habits.Aim. To study the associations of dietary patterns and alcohol consumption with cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), diabetes, myocardial infarction (MI), and stroke in the adult population.Material and methods. The analysis was carried out using data from representative samples of population from 13 Russian regions aged 2564 years (n=19520; men, 7329; women, 12191). The response rate was ~80%. Dietary characteristics were assessed by frequency method.Results. In the diet of people with CVDs, the daily intake of vegetables/ fruits increases by 84% in men and by 19% in women, while the use of animal fats in cooking decreases by 28% and 20%m respectively (p<0,0001). Women with CVDs reduce the consumption of processed meat and sweets by 16 and 19%, respectively (p<0,005). Persons with prior MI reduce the consumption of sweets in the diet: men by 38% and women by 30%. Men with prior MI have higher daily consumption of cereals by 31%, vegetables and fruits by 46%, low-fat dairy products — 2,4 times. In addition, they are more adherent to a healthy and cardioprotective diet by 3,65 and 1,75 times, respectively. Dietary changes in those with prior stroke were noted only in women in the form of a 29% decrease in excess salt intake (p=0,0075). In the diet of people with diabetes, there is decreased consumption of sweets and an increased intake of vegetables/fruits: by 77 and 69% in men and by 79 and 69% in women, respectively (p<0,0001). Men with diabetes are 3 times more likely to adhere to a healthy diet, and women — 2,3 times (p=0,0039 and p<0,0001, respectively).Conclusion. Patients with CVDs, MI, and diabetes have a healthier diet than healthy persons.

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Section: Discussionunclassified

Associations of eating and drinking habits with cardiovascular disease and diabetes in the adult population: data from the ESSE-RF epidemiological study

Карамнова¹,

Рытова²,

Швабская³

et al. 2021

Cardiovasc Ther Prev

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View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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Hypertension control during the COVID-19 pandemic: results of the MMM2021 in Russia

et al. 2022

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Repetitive quarantines and social restrictions during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic have negatively affected the population health in general, and the control of hypertension (HTN) in particular.Aim. To evaluate the control of HTN in the Russian population during the COVID-19 period based on the results of screening for HTN May Measurement Month 2021 (MMM2021).Material and methods. During May-August 2021, 2491 participants from 11 Russian regions took part in the screening. Participation was voluntary without restrictions on sex. All participants were over 18 years of age. During the screening, blood pressure (BP) was measured three times using automatic and mechanical BP monitors. In addition, a questionnaire was filled out on behavioral risk factors, comorbidities and therapy. HTN was diagnosed with systolic BP ≥140 mmHg and/ or diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mmHg and/or taking antihypertensive therapy. The questionnaire included questions about prior COVID-19, vaccinations and their impact on the intake of antihypertensive drugs.Results. The analysis included data from 2461 respondents aged 18 to 92, of which 963 were men (39,1%). The proportion of hypertensive patients was 41,0%, while among them 59,0% took antihypertensives and 30,9% were effectively treated. In comparison with pre-pandemic period according to MMM2018-2019, the higher proportion of HTN patients in the Russian sample was revealed during MMM2021 (41,0% vs 31,3%, p<0,001) with a comparable proportion of patients receiving antihypertensive therapy (60,7% vs 59,0%, p=0,05) and treatment efficacy (28,7% vs 30,9%, p=0,36). Monotherapy was received in 44,7% of cases, while dual and triple combination therapy — in 30,9% and 14,1%, respectively. The majority of respondents (~90%) did not adjust their antihypertensive therapy during the COVID-19 pandemic.Conclusion. According to HTN screening in Russia, there is persistent ineffective control of HTN, which may be due to both the worsening pattern of behavioral risk factors, limited access to healthcare during COVID-19, and the inertia of physicians and low adherence of patients due to the asymptomatic HTN course in the majority.

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High salt intake in the Russian population: prevalence, regional aspects, associations with socio-demographic characteristics, risk factors and diseases. Results of epidemiological studies ESSE-RF and EGIDA-Moscow

Karamnova,

Maksimov,

Kapustina

et al. 2024

Cardiovasc Ther Prev

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High salt intake is a risk factor for the development of hypertension, most cardiovascular diseases and their complications.Aim. To study the characteristics of high salt intake in Russian and Moscow populations according to epidemiological studies.Material and methods. Data from representative samples of adult population aged 25-64 years (n=21922, 8372 men and 13550 women) from Russian 13 regions and persons aged >18 years (n=4063, 1662 men and 2401 women) from Moscow were used. A combination of 2 out of 3 items was taken as excess salt intake: daily consumption of meat and sausage products and pickles and/or adding salt to the finished dish. The results are presented as frequencies and odds ratios (OR).Results. The prevalence of high salt intake in the Russian population was 49,3% (53% among men and 47% among women); in the Moscow sample — 49,6% (60,3% for men and 41,9% for women). The habit of adding salt to a finished dish is widespread in the Russian Federation — 40,5% (47% among men and 34,7% among women); among Muscovites it is less pronounced — 25,8% (31,6% among men and 21,7% among women). Positive associations of high salt intake were noted with male sex (OR=1,1), education level (OR=1,5 and OR=1,3 for primary and secondary education, respectively), smoking (OR=1,74), alcohol consumption (OR=1,3, OR=1,4 and OR=1,5 — for moderate, high and very high alcohol consumption, respectively), rural place of residence (OR=1,34), anxiety (OR=1,27), depression (OR=1,36) and abdominal obesity (OR=1,1), and negative — with thyroid disease (OR=0,9), previous cerebral stroke (OR=0,8) and type 2 diabetes (OR=0,87). The prevalence of high salt intake in the all-Russian sample is not associated with income level and age, but was noted among Muscovites.Conclusion. In the Russian population, a high prevalence of high salt intake was revealed, which is more pronounced among smokers, alcohol drinkers, those with primary and secondary education levels, rural residents, as well as those with anxiety and depression.

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Hypertension and dietary patterns of the adult population. Results of the Russian epidemiological study ESSE-RF

Cited by 6 publications

References 15 publications

Associations of eating and drinking habits with cardiovascular disease and diabetes in the adult population: data from the ESSE-RF epidemiological study

Associations of eating and drinking habits with cardiovascular disease and diabetes in the adult population: data from the ESSE-RF epidemiological study

Hypertension control during the COVID-19 pandemic: results of the MMM2021 in Russia

High salt intake in the Russian population: prevalence, regional aspects, associations with socio-demographic characteristics, risk factors and diseases. Results of epidemiological studies ESSE-RF and EGIDA-Moscow

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